Effects of a Large Dust Storm in the Near‐Surface Atmosphere as Measured by InSight in Elysium Planitia, Mars. Comparison With Contemporaneous Measurements by Mars Science Laboratory.
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| Title: | Effects of a Large Dust Storm in the Near‐Surface Atmosphere as Measured by InSight in Elysium Planitia, Mars. Comparison With Contemporaneous Measurements by Mars Science Laboratory. |
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| Authors: | Viúdez‐Moreiras, D.1 viudezmd@inta.es, Newman, C. E.2, Forget, F.3, Lemmon, M.4, Banfield, D.5, Spiga, A.3, Lepinette, A.1, Rodriguez‐Manfredi, J. A.1, Gómez‐Elvira, J.1, Pla‐García, J.1, Muller, N.6, Grott, M.6 |
| Source: | Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets. Sep2020, Vol. 125 Issue 9, p1-24. 24p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Dust storms, Martian dust storms, Martian craters, Diurnal atmospheric pressure variations, Martian exploration |
| Company/Entity: | Curiosity (Spacecraft) |
| Abstract: | NASA's InSight landed in Elysium Planitia (~4.5°N,136°E) at Ls ~ 296° (November 2018), right after the decay of the 2018 Global Dust Storm (GDS) and before the onset of the 2019 Large Dust Storm (LDS) at Ls ~ 320° (January 2019). InSight's cameras observed a rise in the atmospheric opacities during the storm from ~0.7 to ~1.9, similarly to contemporaneous measurements by Curiosity in Gale crater. Pressure tides were strongly affected at the locations of InSight and Curiosity. In particular, the diurnal pressure mode experienced an abrupt increase during the onset of the LDS, similar to that measured by Curiosity, most likely due to longitudinally asymmetric dust loading. Later, the dust was redistributed around the planet and the semidiurnal mode evolved according to dust opacity in both missions. Before and after the onset of the storm, the observed wind patterns resulted from the interaction between regional and local slope flows induced by topography, which all produced a diurnal perturbation superimposed on a mean flow, dominated by the Hadley cell but with modifications due to channeling effects from the regional topography. However, the onset of the LDS modified this to a scenario consistent with enhanced tidal flows. The local air temperatures are strongly perturbed by the lander's thermal effects, and their retrieval significantly depends on wind patterns, which changed during the course of the dust storm. Observations suggest a decrease in convective vortices during the dust storm; however, vortex activity remained strong during the storm's onset due to the increase in wind speeds. Plain Language Summary: NASA's InSight landed in Elysium Planitia, Mars, at November 2018, right after the decay of the 2018 Global Dust Storm and before the onset of the 2019 Large Dust Storm (LDS) (January 2019). InSight's cameras observed a rise in the atmospheric opacities during the storm from ~0.7 to ~1.9, similar to contemporaneous measurements by Curiosity in Gale crater. Pressure tides were strongly affected. In particular, the amplitude of the pressure harmonics with a period of 1 sol (diurnal pressure mode) experienced an abrupt increase during the onset of the LDS, similar to that measured by Curiosity, most likely as a result of different dust loading as a function of location. Later, the dust was redistributed around the planet and the semidiurnal pressure mode evolved according to dust opacity in both missions. The onset of the storm modified the wind patterns, probably due to enhanced tidal flows. The measured air temperatures were strongly perturbed by the lander's thermal effects. The daytime lander effects significantly depend on wind patterns. Observations suggest an impact on convective vortices, with an overall decrease during the LDS. However, the vortex activity remained strong during storm onset due to the increase in wind speeds. Key Points: InSight measured the atmospheric response to a large dust storm at Ls ~ 320° in MY34Diurnal pressure amplitudes abruptly increased and vortex pressure drop decreased after an initial increase during storm onsetStorm onset strongly modified flows dominated by the Hadley circulation and local slopes to include the effect of enhanced tidal flows [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Header | DbId: 8gh DbLabel: GreenFILE An: 146119560 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Effects of a Large Dust Storm in the Near‐Surface Atmosphere as Measured by InSight in Elysium Planitia, Mars. Comparison With Contemporaneous Measurements by Mars Science Laboratory. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Viúdez‐Moreiras%2C+D%2E%22">Viúdez‐Moreiras, D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> viudezmd@inta.es</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Newman%2C+C%2E+E%2E%22">Newman, C. E.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Forget%2C+F%2E%22">Forget, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lemmon%2C+M%2E%22">Lemmon, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Banfield%2C+D%2E%22">Banfield, D.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Spiga%2C+A%2E%22">Spiga, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lepinette%2C+A%2E%22">Lepinette, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rodriguez‐Manfredi%2C+J%2E+A%2E%22">Rodriguez‐Manfredi, J. A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gómez‐Elvira%2C+J%2E%22">Gómez‐Elvira, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pla‐García%2C+J%2E%22">Pla‐García, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muller%2C+N%2E%22">Muller, N.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Grott%2C+M%2E%22">Grott, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%2E+Planets%22">Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets</searchLink>. Sep2020, Vol. 125 Issue 9, p1-24. 24p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dust+storms%22">Dust storms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Martian+dust+storms%22">Martian dust storms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Martian+craters%22">Martian craters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diurnal+atmospheric+pressure+variations%22">Diurnal atmospheric pressure variations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Martian+exploration%22">Martian exploration</searchLink> – Name: SubjectCompany Label: Company/Entity Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Curiosity+%28Spacecraft%29%22">Curiosity (Spacecraft)</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: NASA's InSight landed in Elysium Planitia (~4.5°N,136°E) at Ls ~ 296° (November 2018), right after the decay of the 2018 Global Dust Storm (GDS) and before the onset of the 2019 Large Dust Storm (LDS) at Ls ~ 320° (January 2019). InSight's cameras observed a rise in the atmospheric opacities during the storm from ~0.7 to ~1.9, similarly to contemporaneous measurements by Curiosity in Gale crater. Pressure tides were strongly affected at the locations of InSight and Curiosity. In particular, the diurnal pressure mode experienced an abrupt increase during the onset of the LDS, similar to that measured by Curiosity, most likely due to longitudinally asymmetric dust loading. Later, the dust was redistributed around the planet and the semidiurnal mode evolved according to dust opacity in both missions. Before and after the onset of the storm, the observed wind patterns resulted from the interaction between regional and local slope flows induced by topography, which all produced a diurnal perturbation superimposed on a mean flow, dominated by the Hadley cell but with modifications due to channeling effects from the regional topography. However, the onset of the LDS modified this to a scenario consistent with enhanced tidal flows. The local air temperatures are strongly perturbed by the lander's thermal effects, and their retrieval significantly depends on wind patterns, which changed during the course of the dust storm. Observations suggest a decrease in convective vortices during the dust storm; however, vortex activity remained strong during the storm's onset due to the increase in wind speeds. Plain Language Summary: NASA's InSight landed in Elysium Planitia, Mars, at November 2018, right after the decay of the 2018 Global Dust Storm and before the onset of the 2019 Large Dust Storm (LDS) (January 2019). InSight's cameras observed a rise in the atmospheric opacities during the storm from ~0.7 to ~1.9, similar to contemporaneous measurements by Curiosity in Gale crater. Pressure tides were strongly affected. In particular, the amplitude of the pressure harmonics with a period of 1 sol (diurnal pressure mode) experienced an abrupt increase during the onset of the LDS, similar to that measured by Curiosity, most likely as a result of different dust loading as a function of location. Later, the dust was redistributed around the planet and the semidiurnal pressure mode evolved according to dust opacity in both missions. The onset of the storm modified the wind patterns, probably due to enhanced tidal flows. The measured air temperatures were strongly perturbed by the lander's thermal effects. The daytime lander effects significantly depend on wind patterns. Observations suggest an impact on convective vortices, with an overall decrease during the LDS. However, the vortex activity remained strong during storm onset due to the increase in wind speeds. Key Points: InSight measured the atmospheric response to a large dust storm at Ls ~ 320° in MY34Diurnal pressure amplitudes abruptly increased and vortex pressure drop decreased after an initial increase during storm onsetStorm onset strongly modified flows dominated by the Hadley circulation and local slopes to include the effect of enhanced tidal flows [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1029/2020JE006493 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 24 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Dust storms Type: general – SubjectFull: Martian dust storms Type: general – SubjectFull: Martian craters Type: general – SubjectFull: Diurnal atmospheric pressure variations Type: general – SubjectFull: Martian exploration Type: general – SubjectFull: Curiosity (Spacecraft) Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Effects of a Large Dust Storm in the Near‐Surface Atmosphere as Measured by InSight in Elysium Planitia, Mars. Comparison With Contemporaneous Measurements by Mars Science Laboratory. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Viúdez‐Moreiras, D. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Newman, C. E. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Forget, F. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lemmon, M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Banfield, D. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Spiga, A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lepinette, A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Rodriguez‐Manfredi, J. A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Gómez‐Elvira, J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pla‐García, J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Muller, N. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Grott, M. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: Sep2020 Type: published Y: 2020 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 21699097 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 125 – Type: issue Value: 9 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets Type: main |
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