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Eco-efficiency and technical efficiency of different integrated farming systems in eastern India.

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Title: Eco-efficiency and technical efficiency of different integrated farming systems in eastern India.
Authors: Nayak, A. K.1 (AUTHOR) aknayak20@yahoo.com, Tripathi, Rahul1 (AUTHOR), Dhal, B.1 (AUTHOR), Nayak, A. D.1 (AUTHOR), Vijayakumar, S.1 (AUTHOR), Satpathy, B.1 (AUTHOR), Chatterjee, D.1 (AUTHOR), Swain, C. K.1 (AUTHOR), Moharana, K. C.1 (AUTHOR), Nayak, P. K.1 (AUTHOR), Poonam, Annie1 (AUTHOR), Mohanty, Sangita1 (AUTHOR), Shahid, M.1 (AUTHOR), Kumar, Anjani1 (AUTHOR), Mondal, B.1 (AUTHOR), Panda, B. B.1 (AUTHOR), Patra, A. K.2 (AUTHOR), Swain, S. K.2 (AUTHOR), Pathak, H.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability. 2023, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p1-15. 15p.
Subject Terms: *Integrated agricultural systems, *Farm size, *Agriculture, Stochastic frontier analysis, Small farms, Business size
Geographic Terms: India
Abstract: Integrated farming system (IFS), comprising various enterprises such as crop, horticulture, dairy, poultry and fishery optimally, uses farm resources to suit small and medium farms of India. In this study, 55 IFSs with different sizes and several enterprises were assessed in terms of their environment impact, eco-efficiency and technical efficiency (TE). The households, which own these IFS, were grouped into four major categories based on farm size viz., marginal (<0.8 ha), small (0.8–1.2 ha), medium (1.2–2.0 ha) and large (>2.0 ha). Among the farm size category, the highest eco-efficiency was recorded for marginal farms, whereas the lowest eco-efficiency was observed for small farms. The highest eco-efficiency was recorded for farm having five enterprises (INR195 kg CO2eq. ha−1) followed by four enterprises (INR190 kg CO2eq.ha−1). Among the enterprises, the highest eco-efficiency was recorded in fruits, whereas the lowest eco-efficiency was observed in dairy. The TE scores estimated using stochastic frontier analysis decreased with increasing farm size and the highest TE score was recorded for marginal farms, whereas medium and large farms recorded the lowest TE scores. The findings indicated the necessity for imparting training and demonstrations and funding support as well as subsidy for larger adoption of IFS to reap higher returns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Eco-efficiency and technical efficiency of different integrated farming systems in eastern India.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Nayak%2C+A%2E+K%2E%22&quot;&gt;Nayak, A. K.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; aknayak20@yahoo.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Tripathi%2C+Rahul%22&quot;&gt;Tripathi, Rahul&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Dhal%2C+B%2E%22&quot;&gt;Dhal, B.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Nayak%2C+A%2E+D%2E%22&quot;&gt;Nayak, A. D.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Vijayakumar%2C+S%2E%22&quot;&gt;Vijayakumar, S.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Satpathy%2C+B%2E%22&quot;&gt;Satpathy, B.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Chatterjee%2C+D%2E%22&quot;&gt;Chatterjee, D.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Swain%2C+C%2E+K%2E%22&quot;&gt;Swain, C. K.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Moharana%2C+K%2E+C%2E%22&quot;&gt;Moharana, K. C.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Nayak%2C+P%2E+K%2E%22&quot;&gt;Nayak, P. K.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Poonam%2C+Annie%22&quot;&gt;Poonam, Annie&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Mohanty%2C+Sangita%22&quot;&gt;Mohanty, Sangita&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Shahid%2C+M%2E%22&quot;&gt;Shahid, M.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kumar%2C+Anjani%22&quot;&gt;Kumar, Anjani&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Mondal%2C+B%2E%22&quot;&gt;Mondal, B.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Panda%2C+B%2E+B%2E%22&quot;&gt;Panda, B. B.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Patra%2C+A%2E+K%2E%22&quot;&gt;Patra, A. K.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Swain%2C+S%2E+K%2E%22&quot;&gt;Swain, S. K.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Pathak%2C+H%2E%22&quot;&gt;Pathak, H.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22International+Journal+of+Agricultural+Sustainability%22&quot;&gt;International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability&lt;/searchLink&gt;. 2023, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p1-15. 15p.
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  Data: Integrated farming system (IFS), comprising various enterprises such as crop, horticulture, dairy, poultry and fishery optimally, uses farm resources to suit small and medium farms of India. In this study, 55 IFSs with different sizes and several enterprises were assessed in terms of their environment impact, eco-efficiency and technical efficiency (TE). The households, which own these IFS, were grouped into four major categories based on farm size viz., marginal (&lt;0.8 ha), small (0.8–1.2 ha), medium (1.2–2.0 ha) and large (&gt;2.0 ha). Among the farm size category, the highest eco-efficiency was recorded for marginal farms, whereas the lowest eco-efficiency was observed for small farms. The highest eco-efficiency was recorded for farm having five enterprises (INR195 kg CO2eq. ha−1) followed by four enterprises (INR190 kg CO2eq.ha−1). Among the enterprises, the highest eco-efficiency was recorded in fruits, whereas the lowest eco-efficiency was observed in dairy. The TE scores estimated using stochastic frontier analysis decreased with increasing farm size and the highest TE score was recorded for marginal farms, whereas medium and large farms recorded the lowest TE scores. The findings indicated the necessity for imparting training and demonstrations and funding support as well as subsidy for larger adoption of IFS to reap higher returns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability is the property of Taylor &amp; Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/14735903.2023.2270250
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Farm size
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      – SubjectFull: Agriculture
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