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Patterns and Drivers of Spontaneous Plant Diversity in Urban Wastelands Across 17 Cities on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau.

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Title: Patterns and Drivers of Spontaneous Plant Diversity in Urban Wastelands Across 17 Cities on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau.
Authors: He, Lin1 (AUTHOR), Gao, Zhiwen2 (AUTHOR) gaozhiwen@ynnu.edu.cn, Yao, Yao1 (AUTHOR), Lan, Luyi1 (AUTHOR), Yu, Xiaoya3 (AUTHOR), Yang, Yanyi4 (AUTHOR), Luo, Xinyi5 (AUTHOR), Yang, Ruishen6 (AUTHOR), Wang, Junwei7 (AUTHOR), Hu, Yuandong8 (AUTHOR), La, Qiong7 (AUTHOR), Da, Liangjun1 (AUTHOR) ljda@xauat.edu.cn
Source: Ecology & Evolution (20457758). May2026, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p1-21. 21p.
Subject Terms: *Plant diversity, *Weather, *Introduced species, *Waste lands, *Biodiversity conservation, Urbanization, Native species
Geographic Terms: Tibetan Plateau
Abstract: The Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP) is ecologically significant due to its unique biodiversity and vulnerability to climate change and rapid urbanization. Among its emerging urban habitats, wastelands with relatively low anthropogenic disturbances offer key refuges and stepping stones for spontaneous plants. However, the patterns and drivers of spontaneous plant diversity in these habitats remain poorly understood. To address this, we surveyed spontaneous plant communities across 17 cities on the QTP. We found that native species dominated urban wasteland flora (85.8%), whereas invasive species constituted over half (65.8%) of the non‐native species. The results showed that land‐use legacy effects and environmental filtering shape community assembly. GLMM analyses further reveal that the climatic background constitutes a key factor shaping community diversity variations across the QTP, exerting the most significant influence on species richness, particularly through precipitation and wind speed. Urbanization and habitat quality factors jointly shape the diversity structural characteristics of communities. However, non‐native and invasive species exhibit heightened sensitivity to local habitat quality. Furthermore, differences between communities across all groups were due to species turnover, though the driving factors differed between groups. Native species exhibited stronger overall ecological adaptability, whereas differences between communities of non‐native and invasive species were primarily driven by human disturbance and habitat conditions. These findings underscore the ecological value of urban wastelands on the QTP for biodiversity conservation and invasion management under rapid urbanization and climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ecology & Evolution (20457758) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Patterns and Drivers of Spontaneous Plant Diversity in Urban Wastelands Across 17 Cities on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22He%2C+Lin%22">He, Lin</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gao%2C+Zhiwen%22">Gao, Zhiwen</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> gaozhiwen@ynnu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yao%2C+Yao%22">Yao, Yao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lan%2C+Luyi%22">Lan, Luyi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Xiaoya%22">Yu, Xiaoya</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yang%2C+Yanyi%22">Yang, Yanyi</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luo%2C+Xinyi%22">Luo, Xinyi</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yang%2C+Ruishen%22">Yang, Ruishen</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Junwei%22">Wang, Junwei</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hu%2C+Yuandong%22">Hu, Yuandong</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22La%2C+Qiong%22">La, Qiong</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Da%2C+Liangjun%22">Da, Liangjun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ljda@xauat.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ecology+%26+Evolution+%2820457758%29%22">Ecology & Evolution (20457758)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 16 Issue 5, p1-21. 21p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+diversity%22">Plant diversity</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Weather%22">Weather</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Introduced+species%22">Introduced species</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Waste+lands%22">Waste lands</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biodiversity+conservation%22">Biodiversity conservation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urbanization%22">Urbanization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Native+species%22">Native species</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tibetan+Plateau%22">Tibetan Plateau</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP) is ecologically significant due to its unique biodiversity and vulnerability to climate change and rapid urbanization. Among its emerging urban habitats, wastelands with relatively low anthropogenic disturbances offer key refuges and stepping stones for spontaneous plants. However, the patterns and drivers of spontaneous plant diversity in these habitats remain poorly understood. To address this, we surveyed spontaneous plant communities across 17 cities on the QTP. We found that native species dominated urban wasteland flora (85.8%), whereas invasive species constituted over half (65.8%) of the non‐native species. The results showed that land‐use legacy effects and environmental filtering shape community assembly. GLMM analyses further reveal that the climatic background constitutes a key factor shaping community diversity variations across the QTP, exerting the most significant influence on species richness, particularly through precipitation and wind speed. Urbanization and habitat quality factors jointly shape the diversity structural characteristics of communities. However, non‐native and invasive species exhibit heightened sensitivity to local habitat quality. Furthermore, differences between communities across all groups were due to species turnover, though the driving factors differed between groups. Native species exhibited stronger overall ecological adaptability, whereas differences between communities of non‐native and invasive species were primarily driven by human disturbance and habitat conditions. These findings underscore the ecological value of urban wastelands on the QTP for biodiversity conservation and invasion management under rapid urbanization and climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Ecology & Evolution (20457758) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/ece3.73521
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Plant diversity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Weather
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Introduced species
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Waste lands
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biodiversity conservation
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      – SubjectFull: Urbanization
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      – SubjectFull: Native species
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      – SubjectFull: Tibetan Plateau
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      – TitleFull: Patterns and Drivers of Spontaneous Plant Diversity in Urban Wastelands Across 17 Cities on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau.
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              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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