In situ detection of lithium metal plating on graphite in experimental cells.
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| Title: | In situ detection of lithium metal plating on graphite in experimental cells. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Uhlmann, C.1 christian.uhlmann@kit.edu, Illig, J.1, Ender, M.1, Schuster, R.2, Ivers-Tiffée, E.1 |
| Source: | Journal of Power Sources. Apr2015, Vol. 279, p428-438. 11p. |
| Subjects: | Lithium-ion batteries, Electrochemical sensors, Plating, Graphite, Temperature effect, Scanning electron microscopy |
| Abstract: | Lithium plating is a common problem for charging in high-rate and low-temperature Li-ion battery applications. The current “standard anode” material graphite is especially susceptible to the formation of lithium metal on its surface instead of intercalation. In order to improve the understanding of this phenomenon, this investigation was conducted using pulse-relaxation experiments, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical in-situ microscopy. For that purpose, current pulses up to 10 C were applied on graphite half-cells to induce plating on the anode's surface. The resulting characteristics (e.g., cell voltage and changes in surface morphology) were analyzed during pulses and subsequent relaxation. Several characteristic attributes could be detected whenever lithium plating occurred: i) a prominent kink of the voltage transient during charging, ii) a distinctive plateau in the subsequent relaxation of the cell voltage, iii) a gray deposit covering the anode surface which under high magnification shows iv) a net-like structure covering the carbon particles. These attributes may provide useful detection tools for Li plating. The observed characteristics for Li plating were explained regarding the involved microscopic processes. This model was used to understand dissolution of plated lithium on the particle surface after the charging pulse and could thus be confirmed by SEM investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 101000593 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: In situ detection of lithium metal plating on graphite in experimental cells. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Uhlmann%2C+C%2E%22">Uhlmann, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> christian.uhlmann@kit.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Illig%2C+J%2E%22">Illig, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ender%2C+M%2E%22">Ender, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schuster%2C+R%2E%22">Schuster, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ivers-Tiffée%2C+E%2E%22">Ivers-Tiffée, E.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Power+Sources%22">Journal of Power Sources</searchLink>. Apr2015, Vol. 279, p428-438. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lithium-ion+batteries%22">Lithium-ion batteries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrochemical+sensors%22">Electrochemical sensors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plating%22">Plating</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graphite%22">Graphite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature+effect%22">Temperature effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scanning+electron+microscopy%22">Scanning electron microscopy</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Lithium plating is a common problem for charging in high-rate and low-temperature Li-ion battery applications. The current “standard anode” material graphite is especially susceptible to the formation of lithium metal on its surface instead of intercalation. In order to improve the understanding of this phenomenon, this investigation was conducted using pulse-relaxation experiments, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical in-situ microscopy. For that purpose, current pulses up to 10 C were applied on graphite half-cells to induce plating on the anode's surface. The resulting characteristics (e.g., cell voltage and changes in surface morphology) were analyzed during pulses and subsequent relaxation. Several characteristic attributes could be detected whenever lithium plating occurred: i) a prominent kink of the voltage transient during charging, ii) a distinctive plateau in the subsequent relaxation of the cell voltage, iii) a gray deposit covering the anode surface which under high magnification shows iv) a net-like structure covering the carbon particles. These attributes may provide useful detection tools for Li plating. The observed characteristics for Li plating were explained regarding the involved microscopic processes. This model was used to understand dissolution of plated lithium on the particle surface after the charging pulse and could thus be confirmed by SEM investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Power Sources is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.046 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 428 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Lithium-ion batteries Type: general – SubjectFull: Electrochemical sensors Type: general – SubjectFull: Plating Type: general – SubjectFull: Graphite Type: general – SubjectFull: Temperature effect Type: general – SubjectFull: Scanning electron microscopy Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: In situ detection of lithium metal plating on graphite in experimental cells. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Uhlmann, C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Illig, J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ender, M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Schuster, R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ivers-Tiffée, E. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 04 Text: Apr2015 Type: published Y: 2015 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 03787753 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 279 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Power Sources Type: main |
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