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Reproductive biology of female striped marlin Kajikia audax in the western Pacific Ocean.

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Title: Reproductive biology of female striped marlin Kajikia audax in the western Pacific Ocean.
Authors: Chang, H.‐Y.1, Sun, C.‐L.1,2,3 chilu@ntu.edu.tw, Yeh, S.‐Z.1, Chang, Y.‐J.1, Su, N.‐J.1, DiNardo, G.4
Source: Journal of Fish Biology. Jan2018, Vol. 92 Issue 1, p105-130. 26p.
Subjects: Billfishes, Fish fertility, Fish reproduction, Fish ecology, Sex ratio, Spawning, Animal behavior
Abstract: Length and mass data for 1260 (536 females, 683 males, 41 sex unknown) striped marlin Kajikia audax were collected at the fish markets of Tungkang, Singkang and Nanfangao from July 2004 to September 2010. Of these samples, 534 gonads (236 females and 298 males) ranging from 95 to 206 cm in eye-to-fork length ( LEF) and 8 to 88 kg in round mass ( MR), were collected. Chi-square tests indicated sex ratios were homogeneous among months in 2004 and 2006-2008, but not in 2005, 2009 and 2010; and there were significant differences in sex ratio by size. The overall sex ratio ( RS) differed significantly from the expected 0·5. Kajikia audax are sexually dimorphic and the proportions of females increased with size between 140 and 210 cm LEF. Reproductive activity was assessed using a gonado-somatic index ( IG), external appearance of the gonads and histological examination and results indicated that the spawning season occurred from April to August with a peak in June to July. Based on histological observations and the distribution of oocyte diameters, K. audax are multiple spawners and their oocytes develop asynchronously. The estimated length-at-50% maturity ( LEF50) was c. 181 cm ( c. 4·8 years of age) for females. The proportion of reproductively active females in the spawning season with ovaries containing postovulatory follicles (0·27) indicated that they spawned every 3·7 days on average. The hydrated oocyte method estimated mean ± S.D. batch fecundity ( FB) to be 4·4 ± 2·02 million eggs; average relative fecundity was 53·6 ± 13·9 oocytes g−1 MR; and the average annual fecundity was 181·3 ± 48·3 million eggs. The parameters estimated in this study are key information for stock assessments of K. audax in the north-western and central Pacific and will contribute to the conservation, management and sustainable yield of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Fish Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Reproductive biology of female striped marlin Kajikia audax in the western Pacific Ocean.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chang%2C+H%2E‐Y%2E%22">Chang, H.‐Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+C%2E‐L%2E%22">Sun, C.‐L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo><i> chilu@ntu.edu.tw</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yeh%2C+S%2E‐Z%2E%22">Yeh, S.‐Z.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chang%2C+Y%2E‐J%2E%22">Chang, Y.‐J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Su%2C+N%2E‐J%2E%22">Su, N.‐J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22DiNardo%2C+G%2E%22">DiNardo, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Fish+Biology%22">Journal of Fish Biology</searchLink>. Jan2018, Vol. 92 Issue 1, p105-130. 26p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Billfishes%22">Billfishes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fish+fertility%22">Fish fertility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fish+reproduction%22">Fish reproduction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fish+ecology%22">Fish ecology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+ratio%22">Sex ratio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spawning%22">Spawning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Animal+behavior%22">Animal behavior</searchLink>
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  Data: Length and mass data for 1260 (536 females, 683 males, 41 sex unknown) striped marlin Kajikia audax were collected at the fish markets of Tungkang, Singkang and Nanfangao from July 2004 to September 2010. Of these samples, 534 gonads (236 females and 298 males) ranging from 95 to 206 cm in eye-to-fork length ( LEF) and 8 to 88 kg in round mass ( MR), were collected. Chi-square tests indicated sex ratios were homogeneous among months in 2004 and 2006-2008, but not in 2005, 2009 and 2010; and there were significant differences in sex ratio by size. The overall sex ratio ( RS) differed significantly from the expected 0·5. Kajikia audax are sexually dimorphic and the proportions of females increased with size between 140 and 210 cm LEF. Reproductive activity was assessed using a gonado-somatic index ( IG), external appearance of the gonads and histological examination and results indicated that the spawning season occurred from April to August with a peak in June to July. Based on histological observations and the distribution of oocyte diameters, K. audax are multiple spawners and their oocytes develop asynchronously. The estimated length-at-50% maturity ( LEF50) was c. 181 cm ( c. 4·8 years of age) for females. The proportion of reproductively active females in the spawning season with ovaries containing postovulatory follicles (0·27) indicated that they spawned every 3·7 days on average. The hydrated oocyte method estimated mean ± S.D. batch fecundity ( FB) to be 4·4 ± 2·02 million eggs; average relative fecundity was 53·6 ± 13·9 oocytes g−1 MR; and the average annual fecundity was 181·3 ± 48·3 million eggs. The parameters estimated in this study are key information for stock assessments of K. audax in the north-western and central Pacific and will contribute to the conservation, management and sustainable yield of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Fish Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/jfb.13497
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 26
        StartPage: 105
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Billfishes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fish fertility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fish reproduction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fish ecology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex ratio
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Spawning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Animal behavior
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Reproductive biology of female striped marlin Kajikia audax in the western Pacific Ocean.
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            NameFull: Chang, H.‐Y.
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            NameFull: Sun, C.‐L.
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            NameFull: Chang, Y.‐J.
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2018
              Type: published
              Y: 2018
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