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Amplification of drawdown and runup over Hawaii's insular shelves by tsunami N-waves from mega Aleutian earthquakes.

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Title: Amplification of drawdown and runup over Hawaii's insular shelves by tsunami N-waves from mega Aleutian earthquakes.
Authors: Bai, Yefei1,2 yefei@hawaii.edu, Yamazaki, Yoshiki1 yoshikiy@hawaii.edu, Cheung, Kwok Fai1 cheung@hawaii.edu
Source: Ocean Modelling. Apr2018, Vol. 124, p61-74. 14p.
Subjects: Continental shelf, Tsunami forecasting, Earthquake engineering, Plate tectonics, Engineering design
Abstract: The latest tsunami evacuation maps of Hawaii include an extreme scenario triggered by an Mw 9.3 Aleutian earthquake with large near-trench rupture. The tectonic plate motion produces concentrated seafloor uplift toward the deepest part of the trench generating a tsunami with strong non-hydrostatic characters. A parametric study shows the skewed seafloor uplift produces a dispersive leading crest followed by a prominent trough in the form of an N -wave. The trough maintains its depth across the ocean in the absence of side lobes and dispersion. Shifting of the uplift toward the trench tends to deepen the trough, but has diminishing effects on the wave crest away from the source. While the attenuated leading crest produces relatively moderate runup on north-facing shores of the Hawaiian Islands, with matching of the N -wave and shelf resonance periods, the trough produces an impulsive drawdown followed by an energetic upswing with unprecedented runup for a far-field tsunami. A set of control computations without dispersion reaffirms that a non-hydrostatic model is essential to account for these complex wave processes from the source to the shore. This case study highlights the unique tsunami hazards posed by the Aleutians to Hawaii and the role of wave troughs in delineating the impacts for hazard assessment and engineering design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ocean Modelling is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 128474957
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Amplification of drawdown and runup over Hawaii's insular shelves by tsunami N-waves from mega Aleutian earthquakes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bai%2C+Yefei%22">Bai, Yefei</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> yefei@hawaii.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yamazaki%2C+Yoshiki%22">Yamazaki, Yoshiki</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> yoshikiy@hawaii.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheung%2C+Kwok+Fai%22">Cheung, Kwok Fai</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> cheung@hawaii.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ocean+Modelling%22">Ocean Modelling</searchLink>. Apr2018, Vol. 124, p61-74. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Continental+shelf%22">Continental shelf</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tsunami+forecasting%22">Tsunami forecasting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Earthquake+engineering%22">Earthquake engineering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plate+tectonics%22">Plate tectonics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Engineering+design%22">Engineering design</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The latest tsunami evacuation maps of Hawaii include an extreme scenario triggered by an Mw 9.3 Aleutian earthquake with large near-trench rupture. The tectonic plate motion produces concentrated seafloor uplift toward the deepest part of the trench generating a tsunami with strong non-hydrostatic characters. A parametric study shows the skewed seafloor uplift produces a dispersive leading crest followed by a prominent trough in the form of an N -wave. The trough maintains its depth across the ocean in the absence of side lobes and dispersion. Shifting of the uplift toward the trench tends to deepen the trough, but has diminishing effects on the wave crest away from the source. While the attenuated leading crest produces relatively moderate runup on north-facing shores of the Hawaiian Islands, with matching of the N -wave and shelf resonance periods, the trough produces an impulsive drawdown followed by an energetic upswing with unprecedented runup for a far-field tsunami. A set of control computations without dispersion reaffirms that a non-hydrostatic model is essential to account for these complex wave processes from the source to the shore. This case study highlights the unique tsunami hazards posed by the Aleutians to Hawaii and the role of wave troughs in delineating the impacts for hazard assessment and engineering design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Ocean Modelling is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2018.02.006
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 61
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Continental shelf
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tsunami forecasting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Earthquake engineering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plate tectonics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Engineering design
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Amplification of drawdown and runup over Hawaii's insular shelves by tsunami N-waves from mega Aleutian earthquakes.
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            NameFull: Bai, Yefei
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            NameFull: Yamazaki, Yoshiki
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            NameFull: Cheung, Kwok Fai
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2018
              Type: published
              Y: 2018
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              Value: 124
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            – TitleFull: Ocean Modelling
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