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Silver nanoparticles in sewage sludge: Bioavailability of sulfidized silver to the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber.

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Title: Silver nanoparticles in sewage sludge: Bioavailability of sulfidized silver to the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber.
Authors: Kampe, Sebastian1,2, Kaegi, Ralf3, Schlich, Karsten1, Wasmuth, Claus1, Hollert, Henner2, Schlechtriem, Christian1,2 christian.schlechtriem@ime.fraunhofer.de
Source: Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry. Jun2018, Vol. 37 Issue 6, p1606-1613. 8p.
Subjects: Isopoda, Porcellio scaber, Silver nanoparticles, Sewage purification, Nanostructured materials
Abstract: Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are efficiently converted during the wastewater‐treatment process into sparingly soluble Ag sulfides (Ag2S). In several countries, sewage sludge is used as a fertilizer in agriculture. The bioavailability of sulfidized Ag to the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber was investigated. Sewage sludge containing transformed AgNPs was obtained from a laboratory‐scale sewage‐treatment plant operated according to Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) guideline 303a. The results of transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‐ray of sludge samples suggest that AgNPs were completely transformed to Ag2S. Adult isopods were exposed to OECD 207 soil substrate amended with the AgNP spiked sludge for 14 d (uptake phase) followed by an elimination phase in unspiked soil of equal duration. Most of the Ag measured in P. scaber at the end of the uptake phase was found in the hindgut (71%), indicating that only a minor part of the estimated Ag content was actually assimilated by the isopods with 16.3 and 12.7% found in the carcass and hepatopancreas, respectively. As a result of this, the Ag content of the animals dropped following transition to unspiked sludge within 2 d to one‐third of the previously measured Ag concentration and remained stable at this level until the end of the elimination period. The present study shows that Ag2S in sewage sludge is bioavailable to the terrestrial isopod P. scaber. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1606–1613. © 2018 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Silver nanoparticles in sewage sludge: Bioavailability of sulfidized silver to the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kampe%2C+Sebastian%22">Kampe, Sebastian</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kaegi%2C+Ralf%22">Kaegi, Ralf</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schlich%2C+Karsten%22">Schlich, Karsten</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wasmuth%2C+Claus%22">Wasmuth, Claus</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hollert%2C+Henner%22">Hollert, Henner</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schlechtriem%2C+Christian%22">Schlechtriem, Christian</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> christian.schlechtriem@ime.fraunhofer.de</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Toxicology+%26+Chemistry%22">Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry</searchLink>. Jun2018, Vol. 37 Issue 6, p1606-1613. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Isopoda%22">Isopoda</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Porcellio+scaber%22">Porcellio scaber</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Silver+nanoparticles%22">Silver nanoparticles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sewage+purification%22">Sewage purification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanostructured+materials%22">Nanostructured materials</searchLink>
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  Data: Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are efficiently converted during the wastewater‐treatment process into sparingly soluble Ag sulfides (Ag2S). In several countries, sewage sludge is used as a fertilizer in agriculture. The bioavailability of sulfidized Ag to the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber was investigated. Sewage sludge containing transformed AgNPs was obtained from a laboratory‐scale sewage‐treatment plant operated according to Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) guideline 303a. The results of transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‐ray of sludge samples suggest that AgNPs were completely transformed to Ag2S. Adult isopods were exposed to OECD 207 soil substrate amended with the AgNP spiked sludge for 14 d (uptake phase) followed by an elimination phase in unspiked soil of equal duration. Most of the Ag measured in P. scaber at the end of the uptake phase was found in the hindgut (71%), indicating that only a minor part of the estimated Ag content was actually assimilated by the isopods with 16.3 and 12.7% found in the carcass and hepatopancreas, respectively. As a result of this, the Ag content of the animals dropped following transition to unspiked sludge within 2 d to one‐third of the previously measured Ag concentration and remained stable at this level until the end of the elimination period. The present study shows that Ag2S in sewage sludge is bioavailable to the terrestrial isopod P. scaber. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1606–1613. © 2018 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/etc.4102
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Silver nanoparticles
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      – TitleFull: Silver nanoparticles in sewage sludge: Bioavailability of sulfidized silver to the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber.
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              Text: Jun2018
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