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High-capacity reversible image steganography based on pixel value ordering.

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Title: High-capacity reversible image steganography based on pixel value ordering.
Authors: Liu, Hsing-Han1 (AUTHOR) liu.hansh@gmail.com, Lee, Chuan-Min1 (AUTHOR) sasdxzxc@gmail.com
Source: EURASIP Journal on Image & Video Processing. 4/18/2019, Vol. 2019 Issue 1, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Pixels, Cryptography, Digital images, Signal-to-noise ratio, Maxima & minima, Structural frames
Abstract: In this study, an improved reversible image steganography method based on pixel value ordering (PVO) is proposed to improve the steganographic capacity. Before the steganography process, three continuous and neighboring pixels are regarded as one group for sequencing, where the maximum and minimum values are adopted for difference value calculation and the number of difference values is recorded. The pixels with more steganographic difference values in rows or columns are determined, after which the steganography and ciphertext retrieval steps are performed in the rows or columns of the digital image. The experiment results prove that the method replaces the block structure in frame selection by groups of continuously read pixels, i.e., every three pixels form a pixel group where two bits of confidential information can be hidden, thus improving the steganographic capacity effectively. Comparisons with other PVO hiding schemes confirm the superiority of the proposed scheme, which has a higher capacity and maintains an acceptable peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of EURASIP Journal on Image & Video Processing is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: High-capacity reversible image steganography based on pixel value ordering.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Hsing-Han%22">Liu, Hsing-Han</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> liu.hansh@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lee%2C+Chuan-Min%22">Lee, Chuan-Min</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sasdxzxc@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22EURASIP+Journal+on+Image+%26+Video+Processing%22">EURASIP Journal on Image & Video Processing</searchLink>. 4/18/2019, Vol. 2019 Issue 1, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pixels%22">Pixels</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cryptography%22">Cryptography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Digital+images%22">Digital images</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Signal-to-noise+ratio%22">Signal-to-noise ratio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Maxima+%26+minima%22">Maxima & minima</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+frames%22">Structural frames</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: In this study, an improved reversible image steganography method based on pixel value ordering (PVO) is proposed to improve the steganographic capacity. Before the steganography process, three continuous and neighboring pixels are regarded as one group for sequencing, where the maximum and minimum values are adopted for difference value calculation and the number of difference values is recorded. The pixels with more steganographic difference values in rows or columns are determined, after which the steganography and ciphertext retrieval steps are performed in the rows or columns of the digital image. The experiment results prove that the method replaces the block structure in frame selection by groups of continuously read pixels, i.e., every three pixels form a pixel group where two bits of confidential information can be hidden, thus improving the steganographic capacity effectively. Comparisons with other PVO hiding schemes confirm the superiority of the proposed scheme, which has a higher capacity and maintains an acceptable peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of EURASIP Journal on Image & Video Processing is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: 4/18/2019
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