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Optimal timing for prediction of pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with diffusion-weighted MRI in patients with esophageal cancer.

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Title: Optimal timing for prediction of pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with diffusion-weighted MRI in patients with esophageal cancer.
Authors: Borggreve, Alicia S.1,2 (AUTHOR) A.S.Borggreve@umcutrecht.nl, Heethuis, Sophie E.1 (AUTHOR), Boekhoff, Mick R.1 (AUTHOR), Goense, Lucas1,2 (AUTHOR), van Rossum, Peter S. N.1 (AUTHOR), Brosens, Lodewijk A. A.3 (AUTHOR), van Lier, Astrid L. H. M. W.1 (AUTHOR), van Hillegersberg, Richard2 (AUTHOR), Lagendijk, Jan J. W.1 (AUTHOR), Mook, Stella1 (AUTHOR), Ruurda, Jelle P.2 (AUTHOR), Meijer, Gert J.1 (AUTHOR) G.J.Meijer@umcutrecht.nl
Source: European Radiology. Apr2020, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p1896-1907. 12p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Esophageal cancer, Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, Chemoradiotherapy, Cancer radiotherapy, Cancer patients, Squamous cell carcinoma, Antineoplastic agents, Adenocarcinoma, Esophagus, Carboplatin, Anthropometry, Time, Magnetic resonance imaging, Prognosis, Treatment effectiveness, Combined modality therapy, Paclitaxel, Esophageal tumors, Longitudinal method
Abstract: Objective: This study was conducted in order to determine the optimal timing of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for prediction of pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for esophageal cancer.Methods: Patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma who planned to undergo nCRT followed by surgery were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients underwent six DW-MRI scans: one baseline scan before the start of nCRT and weekly scans during 5 weeks of nCRT. Relative changes in mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between the baseline scans and the scans during nCRT (ΔADC(%)) were compared between pathologic complete responders (pCR) and non-pCR (tumor regression grades 2-5). The discriminative ability of ΔADC(%) was determined based on the c-statistic.Results: A total of 24 patients with 142 DW-MRI scans were included. pCR was observed in seven patients (29%). ΔADC(%) from baseline to week 2 was significantly higher in patients with pCR versus non-pCR (median [IQR], 36% [30%, 41%] for pCR versus 16% [14%, 29%] for non-pCR, p = 0.004). The ΔADC(%) of the second week in combination with histology resulted in the highest c-statistic for the prediction of pCR versus non-pCR (0.87). The c-statistic of this model increased to 0.97 after additional exclusion of patients with a small tumor volume (< 7 mL, n = 3) and tumor histology of the resection specimen other than adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1).Conclusion: The relative change in tumor ADC (ΔADC(%)) during the first 2 weeks of nCRT is the most predictive for pathologic complete response to nCRT in esophageal cancer patients.Key Points: • DW-MRI during the second week of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is most predictive for pathologic complete response in esophageal cancer. • A model including ΔADCweek 2was able to discriminate between pathologic complete responders and non-pathologic complete responders in 87%. • Improvements in future MRI studies for esophageal cancer may be obtained by incorporating motion management techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Optimal timing for prediction of pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with diffusion-weighted MRI in patients with esophageal cancer.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22European+Radiology%22&quot;&gt;European Radiology&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Apr2020, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p1896-1907. 12p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs.
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  Data: &lt;bold&gt;Objective: &lt;/bold&gt;This study was conducted in order to determine the optimal timing of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for prediction of pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for esophageal cancer.&lt;bold&gt;Methods: &lt;/bold&gt;Patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma who planned to undergo nCRT followed by surgery were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients underwent six DW-MRI scans: one baseline scan before the start of nCRT and weekly scans during 5 weeks of nCRT. Relative changes in mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between the baseline scans and the scans during nCRT (ΔADC(%)) were compared between pathologic complete responders (pCR) and non-pCR (tumor regression grades 2-5). The discriminative ability of ΔADC(%) was determined based on the c-statistic.&lt;bold&gt;Results: &lt;/bold&gt;A total of 24 patients with 142 DW-MRI scans were included. pCR was observed in seven patients (29%). ΔADC(%) from baseline to week 2 was significantly higher in patients with pCR versus non-pCR (median [IQR], 36% [30%, 41%] for pCR versus 16% [14%, 29%] for non-pCR, p = 0.004). The ΔADC(%) of the second week in combination with histology resulted in the highest c-statistic for the prediction of pCR versus non-pCR (0.87). The c-statistic of this model increased to 0.97 after additional exclusion of patients with a small tumor volume (&lt; 7 mL, n = 3) and tumor histology of the resection specimen other than adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1).&lt;bold&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/bold&gt;The relative change in tumor ADC (ΔADC(%)) during the first 2 weeks of nCRT is the most predictive for pathologic complete response to nCRT in esophageal cancer patients.&lt;bold&gt;Key Points: &lt;/bold&gt;• DW-MRI during the second week of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is most predictive for pathologic complete response in esophageal cancer. • A model including ΔADCweek 2was able to discriminate between pathologic complete responders and non-pathologic complete responders in 87%. • Improvements in future MRI&#160;studies for esophageal cancer&#160;may be obtained by incorporating motion management techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – SubjectFull: Esophageal cancer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging
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      – SubjectFull: Chemoradiotherapy
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