Approaches to Modeling Bed Drag in Pine Forest Litter for Wildland Fire Applications.
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| Title: | Approaches to Modeling Bed Drag in Pine Forest Litter for Wildland Fire Applications. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Mueller, Eric V.1 (AUTHOR) e.mueller@ed.ac.uk, Gallagher, Michael R.2 (AUTHOR), Skowronski, Nicholas3 (AUTHOR), Hadden, Rory M.1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Transport in Porous Media. Jul2021, Vol. 138 Issue 3, p637-660. 24p. |
| Subjects: | National Institute of Standards & Technology (U.S.), Forest litter, Wildfires, Computational fluid dynamics, Wind tunnels |
| Abstract: | Modeling flow in vegetative fuel beds is a key component in any detailed physics-based tool for simulating wildland fire dynamics. Current approaches for drag modeling, particularly those employed in multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, tend to take a relatively simple form and have been applied to a wide range of fuel structures. The suitability of these approaches has not been rigorously tested for conditions which may be encountered in a wildland fire context. Here, we focus on beds of Pinus rigida needle litter and undertake a two-part study to quantify the drag and evaluate the capabilities of a multiphase large eddy simulation CFD model, the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator. In the first part, bed drag was measured in a wind tunnel under a range of conditions. The results were fit to a Forchheimer model, and the bed permeability was quantified. A traditional approach employed in the multiphase formulation was compared to the parameterized Forchheimer equation and was found to over-predict the drag by a factor of 1.2–2.5. In the second part, the development of a velocity profile above and within a discrete fuel layer was measured. Using the Forchheimer equation obtained in the first part of the study, the CFD model was able to replicate a qualitatively consistent velocity profile development. Within the fuel bed, the model appeared to under-predict the velocity magnitudes, which may be the result of unresolved pore-scale flow dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Transport in Porous Media is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 151230045 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Approaches to Modeling Bed Drag in Pine Forest Litter for Wildland Fire Applications. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mueller%2C+Eric+V%2E%22">Mueller, Eric V.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> e.mueller@ed.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gallagher%2C+Michael+R%2E%22">Gallagher, Michael R.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Skowronski%2C+Nicholas%22">Skowronski, Nicholas</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hadden%2C+Rory+M%2E%22">Hadden, Rory M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Transport+in+Porous+Media%22">Transport in Porous Media</searchLink>. Jul2021, Vol. 138 Issue 3, p637-660. 24p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22National+Institute+of+Standards+%26+Technology+%28U%2ES%2E%29%22">National Institute of Standards & Technology (U.S.)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forest+litter%22">Forest litter</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wildfires%22">Wildfires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computational+fluid+dynamics%22">Computational fluid dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wind+tunnels%22">Wind tunnels</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Modeling flow in vegetative fuel beds is a key component in any detailed physics-based tool for simulating wildland fire dynamics. Current approaches for drag modeling, particularly those employed in multiphase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, tend to take a relatively simple form and have been applied to a wide range of fuel structures. The suitability of these approaches has not been rigorously tested for conditions which may be encountered in a wildland fire context. Here, we focus on beds of Pinus rigida needle litter and undertake a two-part study to quantify the drag and evaluate the capabilities of a multiphase large eddy simulation CFD model, the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator. In the first part, bed drag was measured in a wind tunnel under a range of conditions. The results were fit to a Forchheimer model, and the bed permeability was quantified. A traditional approach employed in the multiphase formulation was compared to the parameterized Forchheimer equation and was found to over-predict the drag by a factor of 1.2–2.5. In the second part, the development of a velocity profile above and within a discrete fuel layer was measured. Using the Forchheimer equation obtained in the first part of the study, the CFD model was able to replicate a qualitatively consistent velocity profile development. Within the fuel bed, the model appeared to under-predict the velocity magnitudes, which may be the result of unresolved pore-scale flow dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Transport in Porous Media is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s11242-021-01637-8 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 24 StartPage: 637 Subjects: – SubjectFull: National Institute of Standards & Technology (U.S.) Type: general – SubjectFull: Forest litter Type: general – SubjectFull: Wildfires Type: general – SubjectFull: Computational fluid dynamics Type: general – SubjectFull: Wind tunnels Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Approaches to Modeling Bed Drag in Pine Forest Litter for Wildland Fire Applications. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mueller, Eric V. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Gallagher, Michael R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Skowronski, Nicholas – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hadden, Rory M. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 07 Text: Jul2021 Type: published Y: 2021 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 01693913 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 138 – Type: issue Value: 3 Titles: – TitleFull: Transport in Porous Media Type: main |
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