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Repeated extreme droughts decrease root production, but not the potential for post‐drought recovery of root production, in a mesic grassland.

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Title: Repeated extreme droughts decrease root production, but not the potential for post‐drought recovery of root production, in a mesic grassland.
Authors: Slette, Ingrid J.1 (AUTHOR) ingrid.slette@gmail.com, Hoover, David L.2 (AUTHOR), Smith, Melinda D.1 (AUTHOR), Knapp, Alan K.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Oikos. Jan2023, Vol. 2023 Issue 1, p1-10. 10p.
Subjects: Droughts, Drought management, Climate change, Grasslands, Mass production, Plant-water relationships, Climate extremes
Abstract: Global climate change is expected to cause more frequent extreme droughts in many parts of the world. Despite the crucial role of roots in water acquisition and plant survival, our understanding of ecosystem vulnerability to drought is primarily based on aboveground impacts. As return intervals between droughts decrease, root responses to one drought might alter responses to subsequent droughts, but this remains unresolved. We conducted a seven‐year experiment that imposed extreme drought (growing season precipitation reduced 66%) in a mesic grassland. Plots were droughted during years 1–2 ('Drought 1'), or years 5–6 ('Drought 2') or both. We quantified root production during year 6 (final year of Drought 2) and year 7 (first year after Drought 2), when all plots received ambient precipitation. We found that repeated drought decreased root mass production more than twice as much as a single drought (−63% versus −27%, respectively, relative to ambient precipitation). Root mass production of the dominant C4 grass Andropogon gerardii did not decrease significantly with either one or two droughts. A. gerardii root traits differed from subdominant species on average across all treatments, but drought did not alter root traits of either A. gerardii or the subdominant species (collectively). In year 6, root production in plots droughted 4 years ago had not recovered (−21% versus control), but root production recovered in all formerly droughted plots in year 7, when precipitation was above average. Our results highlight the complexity of root responses to drought. Drought‐induced reductions in root production can persist for years after drought and repeated drought can reduce production even further, but this does not preclude rapid recovery of root production in a wet year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Oikos is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 161132073
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  Data: Repeated extreme droughts decrease root production, but not the potential for post‐drought recovery of root production, in a mesic grassland.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Oikos%22">Oikos</searchLink>. Jan2023, Vol. 2023 Issue 1, p1-10. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Droughts%22">Droughts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drought+management%22">Drought management</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Climate+change%22">Climate change</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grasslands%22">Grasslands</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mass+production%22">Mass production</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant-water+relationships%22">Plant-water relationships</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Climate+extremes%22">Climate extremes</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Global climate change is expected to cause more frequent extreme droughts in many parts of the world. Despite the crucial role of roots in water acquisition and plant survival, our understanding of ecosystem vulnerability to drought is primarily based on aboveground impacts. As return intervals between droughts decrease, root responses to one drought might alter responses to subsequent droughts, but this remains unresolved. We conducted a seven‐year experiment that imposed extreme drought (growing season precipitation reduced 66%) in a mesic grassland. Plots were droughted during years 1–2 ('Drought 1'), or years 5–6 ('Drought 2') or both. We quantified root production during year 6 (final year of Drought 2) and year 7 (first year after Drought 2), when all plots received ambient precipitation. We found that repeated drought decreased root mass production more than twice as much as a single drought (−63% versus −27%, respectively, relative to ambient precipitation). Root mass production of the dominant C4 grass Andropogon gerardii did not decrease significantly with either one or two droughts. A. gerardii root traits differed from subdominant species on average across all treatments, but drought did not alter root traits of either A. gerardii or the subdominant species (collectively). In year 6, root production in plots droughted 4 years ago had not recovered (−21% versus control), but root production recovered in all formerly droughted plots in year 7, when precipitation was above average. Our results highlight the complexity of root responses to drought. Drought‐induced reductions in root production can persist for years after drought and repeated drought can reduce production even further, but this does not preclude rapid recovery of root production in a wet year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Oikos is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/oik.08899
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Climate change
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      – SubjectFull: Plant-water relationships
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      – SubjectFull: Climate extremes
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      – TitleFull: Repeated extreme droughts decrease root production, but not the potential for post‐drought recovery of root production, in a mesic grassland.
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              Text: Jan2023
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