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Rietveld refined structural, dielectric, and impedance properties of lead-free 1−x(K0.4Na0.6Nb0.96Sb0.04O3)-x(Bi0.5K0.5TiO3) (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.07) composites

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Title: Rietveld refined structural, dielectric, and impedance properties of lead-free 1−x(K0.4Na0.6Nb0.96Sb0.04O3)-x(Bi0.5K0.5TiO3) (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.07) composites
Authors: Lal, Madan1,2 (AUTHOR) madan.physics26@gmail.com, Thakur, Priyanka2 (AUTHOR), Thakur, Prashant2 (AUTHOR), Sharma, Navdeep3 (AUTHOR), Sharma, Pankaj4 (AUTHOR), Shukla, Anoop Kumar5 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. May2023, Vol. 34 Issue 15, p1-20. 20p.
Subjects: Temperature coefficient of electric resistance, Transition temperature, Dielectrics, Curie temperature, Phase transitions
Abstract: A lead-free series of 1−x(K0.4Na0.6Nb0.96Sb0.04O3)-x(Bi0.5 K0.5TiO3) (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.07) composites were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction route. Rietveld's refined XRD pattern revealed phase transitions from orthorhombic (Amm2) to rhombohedral (R3m) and rhombohedral to tetragonal (P4mm) with x = 0.03 and 0.05 content of (Bi0.5K0.5TiO3). SEM images reveal that the microstructure consists of small, randomly oriented, well-inter-linked, and non-uniform-shaped grains. Dielectric study indicates that Curie temperature (TC) decreases from 340 to 160 °C as the BKT content increases from x = 0.00 to 0.07 and the first transition temperature shifts below room temperature. The complex modulus plots exhibited two semicircles, confirming the ceramics' presence of bulk grain and grain boundary. The impedance and modulus plots confirm the presence of a non-Debye type of relaxation in the ceramics. The ac conductivity increases with a rise in the temperature, confirming negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR) behavior. Therefore, conductivity may increase due to the charge carrier hopping rate or the oxygen vacancies (V″O). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Rietveld refined structural, dielectric, and impedance properties of lead-free 1−x(K<subscript>0.4</subscript>Na<subscript>0.6</subscript>Nb<subscript>0.96</subscript>Sb<subscript>0.04</subscript>O<subscript>3</subscript>)-x(Bi<subscript>0.5</subscript>K<subscript>0.5</subscript>TiO<subscript>3</subscript>) (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.07) composites
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Materials+Science%3A+Materials+in+Electronics%22">Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics</searchLink>. May2023, Vol. 34 Issue 15, p1-20. 20p.
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  Data: A lead-free series of 1−x(K0.4Na0.6Nb0.96Sb0.04O3)-x(Bi0.5 K0.5TiO3) (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.07) composites were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction route. Rietveld's refined XRD pattern revealed phase transitions from orthorhombic (Amm2) to rhombohedral (R3m) and rhombohedral to tetragonal (P4mm) with x = 0.03 and 0.05 content of (Bi0.5K0.5TiO3). SEM images reveal that the microstructure consists of small, randomly oriented, well-inter-linked, and non-uniform-shaped grains. Dielectric study indicates that Curie temperature (TC) decreases from 340 to 160 °C as the BKT content increases from x = 0.00 to 0.07 and the first transition temperature shifts below room temperature. The complex modulus plots exhibited two semicircles, confirming the ceramics' presence of bulk grain and grain boundary. The impedance and modulus plots confirm the presence of a non-Debye type of relaxation in the ceramics. The ac conductivity increases with a rise in the temperature, confirming negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR) behavior. Therefore, conductivity may increase due to the charge carrier hopping rate or the oxygen vacancies (V″O). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10854-023-10580-x
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Temperature coefficient of electric resistance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Transition temperature
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      – SubjectFull: Dielectrics
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      – SubjectFull: Curie temperature
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      – SubjectFull: Phase transitions
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      – TitleFull: Rietveld refined structural, dielectric, and impedance properties of lead-free 1−x(K0.4Na0.6Nb0.96Sb0.04O3)-x(Bi0.5K0.5TiO3) (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.07) composites
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            NameFull: Lal, Madan
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            NameFull: Thakur, Priyanka
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              M: 05
              Text: May2023
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