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Nonhydrostatic Modeling of Tsunamis from Earthquake Rupture to Coastal Impact.

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Title: Nonhydrostatic Modeling of Tsunamis from Earthquake Rupture to Coastal Impact.
Authors: Yamazaki, Yoshiki1 (AUTHOR) yoshikiy@hawaii.edu, Bai, Yefei2 (AUTHOR) yfbai@zju.edu.cn, Goo, Linyan Li3 (AUTHOR) lli@oceanit.com, Cheung, Kwok Fai4 (AUTHOR) cheung@hawaii.edu, Lay, Thorne5 (AUTHOR) tlay@ucsc.edu
Source: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. Sep2023, Vol. 149 Issue 9, p1-24. 24p.
Subjects: Tsunamis, Earthquakes, Shallow-water equations, Three-dimensional flow, Finite differences, Nonlinear equations
Abstract: The last decade has seen the rapid emergence of nonhydrostatic modeling as an advanced tool for studies of tsunami processes and source mechanisms that warrants a critical assessment of the state of the art and value-added features in relation to contemporary approaches. Inclusion of depth-averaged vertical velocity and nonhydrostatic pressure in the nonlinear shallow-water equations enables description of long-wave dynamics in quasi three-dimensional flows. The governing equations involve first-order derivatives, but retain higher-order properties, as in the Boussinesq-type approach. The commonly-used staggered finite difference scheme continues to provide the surface elevation and horizontal velocity, which in turn are updated by the nonhydrostatic pressure evaluated from a Poisson-type equation. In addition to having dispersion properties complementary to the governing equations, the numerical framework allows implementation of time-varying seafloor excitation from earthquake rupture, a shock-capturing scheme for discontinuous flows, and a multilevel two-way nested grid system for dispersive and shock waves. A series of numerical and laboratory benchmarks as well as a case study of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami illustrate the model capabilities in describing tsunami generation, dispersion, shoaling, bore formation, and separation-driven currents with high precision across a wide range of temporal and spatial scales for general application. These capabilities have an important role in resolving effects of detailed earthquake rupture patterns and providing accurate tsunami impact predictions with implications for warning guidance, hazard assessment, and seismological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Hydraulic Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 164959338
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Nonhydrostatic Modeling of Tsunamis from Earthquake Rupture to Coastal Impact.
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yamazaki%2C+Yoshiki%22">Yamazaki, Yoshiki</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yoshikiy@hawaii.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bai%2C+Yefei%22">Bai, Yefei</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yfbai@zju.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Goo%2C+Linyan+Li%22">Goo, Linyan Li</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lli@oceanit.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheung%2C+Kwok+Fai%22">Cheung, Kwok Fai</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cheung@hawaii.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lay%2C+Thorne%22">Lay, Thorne</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> tlay@ucsc.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Hydraulic+Engineering%22">Journal of Hydraulic Engineering</searchLink>. Sep2023, Vol. 149 Issue 9, p1-24. 24p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tsunamis%22">Tsunamis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Earthquakes%22">Earthquakes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shallow-water+equations%22">Shallow-water equations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+flow%22">Three-dimensional flow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finite+differences%22">Finite differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nonlinear+equations%22">Nonlinear equations</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The last decade has seen the rapid emergence of nonhydrostatic modeling as an advanced tool for studies of tsunami processes and source mechanisms that warrants a critical assessment of the state of the art and value-added features in relation to contemporary approaches. Inclusion of depth-averaged vertical velocity and nonhydrostatic pressure in the nonlinear shallow-water equations enables description of long-wave dynamics in quasi three-dimensional flows. The governing equations involve first-order derivatives, but retain higher-order properties, as in the Boussinesq-type approach. The commonly-used staggered finite difference scheme continues to provide the surface elevation and horizontal velocity, which in turn are updated by the nonhydrostatic pressure evaluated from a Poisson-type equation. In addition to having dispersion properties complementary to the governing equations, the numerical framework allows implementation of time-varying seafloor excitation from earthquake rupture, a shock-capturing scheme for discontinuous flows, and a multilevel two-way nested grid system for dispersive and shock waves. A series of numerical and laboratory benchmarks as well as a case study of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami illustrate the model capabilities in describing tsunami generation, dispersion, shoaling, bore formation, and separation-driven currents with high precision across a wide range of temporal and spatial scales for general application. These capabilities have an important role in resolving effects of detailed earthquake rupture patterns and providing accurate tsunami impact predictions with implications for warning guidance, hazard assessment, and seismological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Hydraulic Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1061/JHEND8.HYENG-13388
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 24
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Tsunamis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Earthquakes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Shallow-water equations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Three-dimensional flow
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Finite differences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nonlinear equations
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Nonhydrostatic Modeling of Tsunamis from Earthquake Rupture to Coastal Impact.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Yamazaki, Yoshiki
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            NameFull: Bai, Yefei
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            NameFull: Goo, Linyan Li
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            NameFull: Cheung, Kwok Fai
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            NameFull: Lay, Thorne
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2023
              Type: published
              Y: 2023
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              Value: 149
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              Value: 9
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
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