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Self-Sealing of Boom Clay After Gas Transport.

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Title: Self-Sealing of Boom Clay After Gas Transport.
Authors: Gonzalez-Blanco, Laura1,2 (AUTHOR) laura.gonzalez.blanco@upc.edu, Romero, Enrique1,2 (AUTHOR), Levasseur, Séverine3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Rock Mechanics & Rock Engineering. Jun2024, Vol. 57 Issue 6, p4173-4189. 17p.
Subjects: Radioactive waste disposal, Gas injection, Multiscale modeling, Clay, Gases, Permeability
Geographic Terms: Belgium
Abstract: In the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste in argillaceous rocks, studying the barrier integrity after gas transport and the pathway closure thanks to self-sealing capacity is a crucial aspect for the safety assessment. This paper presents experimental research in Boom Clay (a potential host rock in Belgium) to evaluate the effectiveness of self-sealing and possible fissure reactivation during a second gas invasion event. Initial water permeability under oedometer conditions was first measured on samples at two bedding orientations, being higher the sample with bedding planes parallel to flow, highlighting marked anisotropy. Then, gas injection tests at a constant volume rate were performed. Results indicated that Boom Clay underwent expansion and degradation during gas injection due to the development of fissures that were quantified using microstructural techniques. The computed effective gas permeability was not significantly dependent on bedding orientation and was slightly larger than the initial intrinsic water permeability. The re-saturation of the samples led to a recovery of the initial water permeability for both orientations, replicating the original anisotropy. The microstructural analyses confirmed the gas pathways' closure, indicating good self-sealing and the regaining of the hydraulic barrier function. However, a small volume of large unconnected pores was detected on undrained unloading before the microstructural study. An additional gas injection after the self-sealing resulted in a higher effective gas permeability and a larger increase in pore volume, suggesting the reopening of fissures generated during the first injection. Finally, the experimental data were compiled within a multi-scale phenomenological model to relate the microstructural information to macroscopic flow transport properties capturing the intrinsic permeability increase on gas invasion and its recovery during self-sealing. Highlights: Gas transport on Boom Clay occurs along fissures, increasing its permeability The re-saturation process induces the recovery of the initial water permeability, demonstrating an excellent self-sealing capacity. A subsequent gas injection after the re-saturation suggests the reopening of previous gas paths. A multi-scale model is proposed to account for the permeability changes derived from a microstructural damage variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Rock Mechanics & Rock Engineering is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Self-Sealing of Boom Clay After Gas Transport.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gonzalez-Blanco%2C+Laura%22">Gonzalez-Blanco, Laura</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> laura.gonzalez.blanco@upc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Romero%2C+Enrique%22">Romero, Enrique</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Levasseur%2C+Séverine%22">Levasseur, Séverine</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Rock+Mechanics+%26+Rock+Engineering%22">Rock Mechanics & Rock Engineering</searchLink>. Jun2024, Vol. 57 Issue 6, p4173-4189. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radioactive+waste+disposal%22">Radioactive waste disposal</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gas+injection%22">Gas injection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiscale+modeling%22">Multiscale modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clay%22">Clay</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gases%22">Gases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Permeability%22">Permeability</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Belgium%22">Belgium</searchLink>
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  Data: In the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste in argillaceous rocks, studying the barrier integrity after gas transport and the pathway closure thanks to self-sealing capacity is a crucial aspect for the safety assessment. This paper presents experimental research in Boom Clay (a potential host rock in Belgium) to evaluate the effectiveness of self-sealing and possible fissure reactivation during a second gas invasion event. Initial water permeability under oedometer conditions was first measured on samples at two bedding orientations, being higher the sample with bedding planes parallel to flow, highlighting marked anisotropy. Then, gas injection tests at a constant volume rate were performed. Results indicated that Boom Clay underwent expansion and degradation during gas injection due to the development of fissures that were quantified using microstructural techniques. The computed effective gas permeability was not significantly dependent on bedding orientation and was slightly larger than the initial intrinsic water permeability. The re-saturation of the samples led to a recovery of the initial water permeability for both orientations, replicating the original anisotropy. The microstructural analyses confirmed the gas pathways' closure, indicating good self-sealing and the regaining of the hydraulic barrier function. However, a small volume of large unconnected pores was detected on undrained unloading before the microstructural study. An additional gas injection after the self-sealing resulted in a higher effective gas permeability and a larger increase in pore volume, suggesting the reopening of fissures generated during the first injection. Finally, the experimental data were compiled within a multi-scale phenomenological model to relate the microstructural information to macroscopic flow transport properties capturing the intrinsic permeability increase on gas invasion and its recovery during self-sealing. Highlights: Gas transport on Boom Clay occurs along fissures, increasing its permeability The re-saturation process induces the recovery of the initial water permeability, demonstrating an excellent self-sealing capacity. A subsequent gas injection after the re-saturation suggests the reopening of previous gas paths. A multi-scale model is proposed to account for the permeability changes derived from a microstructural damage variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Rock Mechanics & Rock Engineering is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00603-023-03529-3
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 4173
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      – SubjectFull: Radioactive waste disposal
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gas injection
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiscale modeling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Clay
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Permeability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Belgium
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Self-Sealing of Boom Clay After Gas Transport.
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            NameFull: Gonzalez-Blanco, Laura
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            NameFull: Romero, Enrique
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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