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Improving the Measurement of Air–Water Flow Properties Using Remote Distance Sensing Technology.

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Title: Improving the Measurement of Air–Water Flow Properties Using Remote Distance Sensing Technology.
Authors: Kramer, M.1 (AUTHOR) m.kramer@unsw.edu.au, Bung, D. B.2 (AUTHOR) bung@fh-aachen.de
Source: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. Jan2025, Vol. 151 Issue 1, p1-11. 11p.
Subjects: Hydraulic jump, Remote sensing, Flow measurement, Spillways, Time series analysis
Abstract: In recent years, the research interest in the application of remote sensing technology to highly aerated flows has been increasing because this technology holds the ultimate promise to enable safe and accurate measurements of real-world air–water flows in natural and human-made environments. Despite the increasing number of publications, some fundamental questions, such as "what do we measure" or "what can we measure," have not been answered conclusively. In this study, we hypothesize that laser distance sensors can measure the concentration of entrapped air, which we demonstrate using two seminal air–water flow types, namely a submerged hydraulic jump and flows down a stepped spillway. By converting our free-surface signals into time series of instantaneous air concentrations, we also show that a dual laser triangulation setup enables the extraction of basic air–water flow parameters of the upper flow region, comprising interface count rates, interfacial velocities, and turbulence levels, whereas we acknowledge that some sensor characteristics, such as beam diameters, can lead to measurement biases. Overall, this study represents a major advancement in the remote measurement of air–water flow properties. Future collective research effort is required to overcome remaining challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Hydraulic Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Improving the Measurement of Air–Water Flow Properties Using Remote Distance Sensing Technology.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Hydraulic+Engineering%22">Journal of Hydraulic Engineering</searchLink>. Jan2025, Vol. 151 Issue 1, p1-11. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydraulic+jump%22">Hydraulic jump</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Remote+sensing%22">Remote sensing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flow+measurement%22">Flow measurement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spillways%22">Spillways</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time+series+analysis%22">Time series analysis</searchLink>
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  Data: In recent years, the research interest in the application of remote sensing technology to highly aerated flows has been increasing because this technology holds the ultimate promise to enable safe and accurate measurements of real-world air–water flows in natural and human-made environments. Despite the increasing number of publications, some fundamental questions, such as "what do we measure" or "what can we measure," have not been answered conclusively. In this study, we hypothesize that laser distance sensors can measure the concentration of entrapped air, which we demonstrate using two seminal air–water flow types, namely a submerged hydraulic jump and flows down a stepped spillway. By converting our free-surface signals into time series of instantaneous air concentrations, we also show that a dual laser triangulation setup enables the extraction of basic air–water flow parameters of the upper flow region, comprising interface count rates, interfacial velocities, and turbulence levels, whereas we acknowledge that some sensor characteristics, such as beam diameters, can lead to measurement biases. Overall, this study represents a major advancement in the remote measurement of air–water flow properties. Future collective research effort is required to overcome remaining challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Hydraulic Engineering is the property of American Society of Civil Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1061/JHEND8.HYENG-14074
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Hydraulic jump
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Remote sensing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Flow measurement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Spillways
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Time series analysis
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Improving the Measurement of Air–Water Flow Properties Using Remote Distance Sensing Technology.
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              Text: Jan2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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