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Obtaining Polyacrylonitrile Carbon Nanofibers by Electrospinning for Their Application as Flame-Retardant Materials.

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Title: Obtaining Polyacrylonitrile Carbon Nanofibers by Electrospinning for Their Application as Flame-Retardant Materials.
Authors: Mokhova, Elizaveta1 (AUTHOR), Gordienko, Mariia1,2 (AUTHOR), Menshutina, Natalia1 (AUTHOR) chemcom@muctr.ru, Serkina, Ksenia2 (AUTHOR), Avetissov, Igor2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Polymers (20734360). May2025, Vol. 17 Issue 9, p1255. 22p.
Subjects: Industrial chemistry, Viscosity solutions, Differential scanning calorimetry, Fireproofing agents, Titanium oxides, Polyacrylonitriles, Nanofibers
Abstract: The article describes obtaining polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers by electrospinning on a setup developed at the Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia (MUCTR). A technique for producing PAN-based carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and PAN-based CNFs modified with titanium oxide (TiO2) is presented. The article presents a comprehensive study of the characteristics of PAN-based nanofibers and CNFs, including an analysis of the external structure of the fibers, the dependence of fiber diameters on the viscosity of the initial solutions, the effect of temperature treatment on the functional groups of PAN, elemental analysis, and flame-retardant properties. It was found that the fiber diameter and its external structure strongly depend on the viscosity of the initial solutions; an increase in viscosity leads to a linear increase in the fiber diameter. Preliminary temperature treatment at 250 °C helps stabilize PAN nanofibers and prevents their melting at the carbonization stage. The differential scanning calorimetry results allowed us to determine the presence of peaks for the initial PAN nanofibers, indicating an exothermic process in the temperature range of 290–320 °C. The peak height decreased with increasing TiO2 concentration in the samples. For CNF samples of different compositions, the endothermic effect prevailed in the temperature range of 400–700 °C, indicating the possible flame-retardant properties of these materials. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) was calculated based on the thermogravimetric analysis results. The highest LOI values were obtained for CNFs based on PAN without adding TiO2 nanoparticles and CNFs modified with TiO2 (3 wt.%). The resulting CNF-based nonwovens can be recommended for use in heat-protective clothing, flame-retardant mattresses, and flame-retardant suits for the military. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Obtaining Polyacrylonitrile Carbon Nanofibers by Electrospinning for Their Application as Flame-Retardant Materials.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mokhova%2C+Elizaveta%22">Mokhova, Elizaveta</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gordienko%2C+Mariia%22">Gordienko, Mariia</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Menshutina%2C+Natalia%22">Menshutina, Natalia</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> chemcom@muctr.ru</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Serkina%2C+Ksenia%22">Serkina, Ksenia</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Avetissov%2C+Igor%22">Avetissov, Igor</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%2820734360%29%22">Polymers (20734360)</searchLink>. May2025, Vol. 17 Issue 9, p1255. 22p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Industrial+chemistry%22">Industrial chemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Viscosity+solutions%22">Viscosity solutions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Differential+scanning+calorimetry%22">Differential scanning calorimetry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fireproofing+agents%22">Fireproofing agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Titanium+oxides%22">Titanium oxides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polyacrylonitriles%22">Polyacrylonitriles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanofibers%22">Nanofibers</searchLink>
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  Data: The article describes obtaining polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers by electrospinning on a setup developed at the Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia (MUCTR). A technique for producing PAN-based carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and PAN-based CNFs modified with titanium oxide (TiO2) is presented. The article presents a comprehensive study of the characteristics of PAN-based nanofibers and CNFs, including an analysis of the external structure of the fibers, the dependence of fiber diameters on the viscosity of the initial solutions, the effect of temperature treatment on the functional groups of PAN, elemental analysis, and flame-retardant properties. It was found that the fiber diameter and its external structure strongly depend on the viscosity of the initial solutions; an increase in viscosity leads to a linear increase in the fiber diameter. Preliminary temperature treatment at 250 °C helps stabilize PAN nanofibers and prevents their melting at the carbonization stage. The differential scanning calorimetry results allowed us to determine the presence of peaks for the initial PAN nanofibers, indicating an exothermic process in the temperature range of 290–320 °C. The peak height decreased with increasing TiO2 concentration in the samples. For CNF samples of different compositions, the endothermic effect prevailed in the temperature range of 400–700 °C, indicating the possible flame-retardant properties of these materials. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) was calculated based on the thermogravimetric analysis results. The highest LOI values were obtained for CNFs based on PAN without adding TiO2 nanoparticles and CNFs modified with TiO2 (3 wt.%). The resulting CNF-based nonwovens can be recommended for use in heat-protective clothing, flame-retardant mattresses, and flame-retardant suits for the military. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/polym17091255
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 22
        StartPage: 1255
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Industrial chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Viscosity solutions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Differential scanning calorimetry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fireproofing agents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Titanium oxides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polyacrylonitriles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanofibers
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Obtaining Polyacrylonitrile Carbon Nanofibers by Electrospinning for Their Application as Flame-Retardant Materials.
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            NameFull: Mokhova, Elizaveta
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            NameFull: Gordienko, Mariia
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            NameFull: Menshutina, Natalia
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            NameFull: Serkina, Ksenia
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            NameFull: Avetissov, Igor
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 17
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