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Deep learning enhances reliability of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in diffuse gliomas: bypassing post-processing and providing uncertainty maps.

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Title: Deep learning enhances reliability of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in diffuse gliomas: bypassing post-processing and providing uncertainty maps.
Authors: Lyoo, Young Wook1 (AUTHOR), Lee, Haneol2 (AUTHOR), Lee, Junhyeok3 (AUTHOR), Park, Jung Hyun4 (AUTHOR), Hwang, Inpyeong1,5 (AUTHOR), Chung, Jin Wook1,5 (AUTHOR), Choi, Seung Hong1,5 (AUTHOR), Yoo, Jaejun2 (AUTHOR) jaejun.yoo@unist.ac.kr, Choi, Kyu Sung1,5 (AUTHOR) ent1127@snu.ac.kr
Source: European Radiology. Oct2025, Vol. 35 Issue 10, p6229-6239. 11p.
Subjects: Deep learning, Gliomas, Molecular oncology, Diagnosis, Measurement uncertainty (Statistics), Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, Reliability in engineering, Pharmacokinetics
Abstract: Objectives: To propose and evaluate a novel deep learning model for directly estimating pharmacokinetic (PK) parameter maps and uncertainty estimation from DCE-MRI. Methods: In this single-center study, patients with adult-type diffuse gliomas who underwent preoperative DCE-MRI from Apr 2010 to Feb 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. A spatiotemporal probabilistic model was used to create synthetic PK maps. Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) to ground truth (GT) maps were calculated. Reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for synthetic and GT PK maps. For clinical validation, Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) was obtained for predicting WHO low vs high grade and IDH-wildtype vs mutant. Results: 329 patients (mean age, 55 ± 15 years, 197 men) were eligible. Synthetic Ktrans, Vp, Ve maps showed high SSIM (0.961, 0.962, 0.890) compared to the GT maps. The ICC of PK maps was significantly higher in synthetic PK maps compared to the conventional approach: 1.00 vs 0.68 (p < 0.001) for Ktrans, 1.00 vs 0.59 (p < 0.001) for Vp, 1.00 vs 0.64 (p < 0.001) for Ve. PK values of enhancing tumor portion obtained from synthetic and GT maps were comparable in AUROC: (1) Ktrans, 0.857 vs 0.842 (p = 0.57); Vp, 0.864 vs 0.835 (p = 0.31); and Ve, 0.835 vs 0.830 (p = 0.88) for mutation prediction. (2) Ktrans, 0.934 vs 0.907 (p = 0.50); Vp, 0.927 vs 0.899 (p = 0.24); and Ve, 0.945 vs 0.910 (p = 0.24) for glioma grading. Conclusion: Synthetic PK maps generated from DCE-MRI using a spatiotemporal probabilistic deep-learning model showed improved reliability without compromising diagnostic performance in glioma grading. Key Points: QuestionCan a deep learning model enhance the reliability of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) for more consistent and clinically acceptable glioma imaging? FindingsA spatiotemporal deep learning model outperformed the Tofts model in Ktrans reliability and preserved diagnostic performance for IDH mutation and glioma grade, bypassing arterial input function estimation. Clinical relevanceEnhancing DCE-MRI reliability with deep learning improves imaging consistency, supports molecular tumor characterization through reproducible pharmacokinetic maps, and enables personalized treatment planning, which might lead to better clinical outcomes for patients with diffuse gliomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Deep learning enhances reliability of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in diffuse gliomas: bypassing post-processing and providing uncertainty maps.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22European+Radiology%22&quot;&gt;European Radiology&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Oct2025, Vol. 35 Issue 10, p6229-6239. 11p.
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  Data: Objectives: To propose and evaluate a novel deep learning model for directly estimating pharmacokinetic (PK) parameter maps and uncertainty estimation from DCE-MRI. Methods: In this single-center study, patients with adult-type diffuse gliomas who underwent preoperative DCE-MRI from Apr 2010 to Feb 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. A spatiotemporal probabilistic model was used to create synthetic PK maps. Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) to ground truth (GT) maps were calculated. Reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for synthetic and GT PK maps. For clinical validation, Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) was obtained for predicting WHO low vs high grade and IDH-wildtype vs mutant. Results: 329 patients (mean age, 55 &#177; 15 years, 197 men) were eligible. Synthetic Ktrans, Vp, Ve maps showed high SSIM (0.961, 0.962, 0.890) compared to the GT maps. The ICC of PK maps was significantly higher in synthetic PK maps compared to the conventional approach: 1.00 vs 0.68 (p &lt; 0.001) for Ktrans, 1.00 vs 0.59 (p &lt; 0.001) for Vp, 1.00 vs 0.64 (p &lt; 0.001) for Ve. PK values of enhancing tumor portion obtained from synthetic and GT maps were comparable in AUROC: (1) Ktrans, 0.857 vs 0.842 (p = 0.57); Vp, 0.864 vs 0.835 (p = 0.31); and Ve, 0.835 vs 0.830 (p = 0.88) for mutation prediction. (2) Ktrans, 0.934 vs 0.907 (p = 0.50); Vp, 0.927 vs 0.899 (p = 0.24); and Ve, 0.945 vs 0.910 (p = 0.24) for glioma grading. Conclusion: Synthetic PK maps generated from DCE-MRI using a spatiotemporal probabilistic deep-learning model showed improved reliability without compromising diagnostic performance in glioma grading. Key Points: QuestionCan a deep learning model enhance the reliability of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) for more consistent and clinically acceptable glioma imaging? FindingsA spatiotemporal deep learning model outperformed the Tofts model in Ktrans reliability and preserved diagnostic performance for IDH mutation and glioma grade, bypassing arterial input function estimation. Clinical relevanceEnhancing DCE-MRI reliability with deep learning improves imaging consistency, supports molecular tumor characterization through reproducible pharmacokinetic maps, and enables personalized treatment planning, which might lead to better clinical outcomes for patients with diffuse gliomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00330-025-11588-z
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              Text: Oct2025
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