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Dynamic reference camera selection for free-viewpoint video multicast streaming.

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Title: Dynamic reference camera selection for free-viewpoint video multicast streaming.
Authors: Huszák, Árpád1,2 (AUTHOR) huszak@hit.bme.hu
Source: Multimedia Tools & Applications. Sep2025, Vol. 84 Issue 30, p36943-36961. 19p.
Subjects: Bandwidths, Multicasting (Computer networks), Interactive videos, Immersive design, Streaming technology, Load balancing (Computer networks), Depth perception
Abstract: Free-viewpoint video (FVV) is an advantageous technology that allows users to interactively change their viewpoint or perspective when viewing a video or a scene. It provides a three-dimensional, dynamic, and immersive viewing experience, allowing users to explore a video scene from different angles and viewpoints as if they were present within the scene. FVV requires transmitting multiple video streams with depth information for different perspectives simultaneously. This places a significant burden on network bandwidth and infrastructure, leading to congestion and potential service degradation. The paper investigates dynamic reference camera grouping approaches, which are based on the users' specific viewpoint needs. The primary goal of these methods is to minimize the network bandwidth necessary for transmitting reference color and depth camera sequences, thus enabling the provision of interactive FVV services in networks with limited resources. To achieve a reduction in the number of essential camera streams, we introduce dynamic reference camera selection methods that effectively identify shared reference camera pairs capable of serving multiple users for their individual viewpoint synthesis requirements. We found that among the investigated methods, DBSAN performance was the most balanced among the investigated algorithms, achieving 10–20% network load decrease, depending on the network complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Multimedia Tools & Applications is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bandwidths%22">Bandwidths</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multicasting+%28Computer+networks%29%22">Multicasting (Computer networks)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interactive+videos%22">Interactive videos</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Immersive+design%22">Immersive design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Streaming+technology%22">Streaming technology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Load+balancing+%28Computer+networks%29%22">Load balancing (Computer networks)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Depth+perception%22">Depth perception</searchLink>
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  Data: Free-viewpoint video (FVV) is an advantageous technology that allows users to interactively change their viewpoint or perspective when viewing a video or a scene. It provides a three-dimensional, dynamic, and immersive viewing experience, allowing users to explore a video scene from different angles and viewpoints as if they were present within the scene. FVV requires transmitting multiple video streams with depth information for different perspectives simultaneously. This places a significant burden on network bandwidth and infrastructure, leading to congestion and potential service degradation. The paper investigates dynamic reference camera grouping approaches, which are based on the users' specific viewpoint needs. The primary goal of these methods is to minimize the network bandwidth necessary for transmitting reference color and depth camera sequences, thus enabling the provision of interactive FVV services in networks with limited resources. To achieve a reduction in the number of essential camera streams, we introduce dynamic reference camera selection methods that effectively identify shared reference camera pairs capable of serving multiple users for their individual viewpoint synthesis requirements. We found that among the investigated methods, DBSAN performance was the most balanced among the investigated algorithms, achieving 10–20% network load decrease, depending on the network complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Multimedia Tools & Applications is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11042-025-20667-8
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Multicasting (Computer networks)
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      – SubjectFull: Interactive videos
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      – SubjectFull: Immersive design
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      – SubjectFull: Streaming technology
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      – SubjectFull: Load balancing (Computer networks)
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      – SubjectFull: Depth perception
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2025
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