Perturbative and nonperturbative aspects of neutrino oscillations in quantum field theory.
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| Title: | Perturbative and nonperturbative aspects of neutrino oscillations in quantum field theory. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Blasone, Massimo1,2 (AUTHOR) blasone@sa.infn.it, Smaldone, Luca1,2 (AUTHOR) lsmaldone@unisa.it |
| Source: | International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics. 12/20/2025, Vol. 40 Issue 35, p1-59. 59p. |
| Subjects: | Neutrino oscillation, Quantum field theory, Oscillations, Green's functions, Perturbation theory, Lepton number, Heisenberg uncertainty principle |
| Abstract: | In this work, we present a comprehensive and pedagogical review of two quantum field theoretical approaches to neutrino flavor mixing and oscillations: the nonperturbative flavor Fock space formalism and the perturbative interaction picture framework. Starting from a minimally extended Standard Model, where neutrino masses and mixing are treated analogously to the quark sector, we derive the explicit form of leptonic flavor charges from the charged-current Lagrangian in the spontaneously broken phase. We present the standard quantum mechanical treatment of neutrino oscillations and an alternative derivation based on the first-quantized Dirac equation. We then review the construction of the flavor Fock space, in which flavor states emerge as eigenstates of the flavor charges, and show how oscillation probabilities can be computed both from charge and current expectation values and from Green's functions. The nontrivial vacuum structure associated with this approach leads to key results such as the conservation of lepton number at tree level and a rigorous derivation of the time–energy uncertainty relation in neutrino oscillations. We also discuss the extension to the three-flavor case and the entangled nature of flavor states. In parallel, we explore a perturbative approach that treats flavor mixing as an interaction. Starting from simple quantum mechanical models and extending to bosonic field theories, we show how neutrino oscillation probabilities can be derived via Dyson expansion in the interaction picture. Remarkably, this method reproduces the same oscillation formulas as the nonperturbative approach, within the expected limits. We emphasize the necessity of working at finite time, rather than in the asymptotic S-matrix framework. Our analysis highlights the conceptual and structural unity of these approaches and offers a solid framework for further developments in the field of neutrino physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 190284544 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Perturbative and nonperturbative aspects of neutrino oscillations in quantum field theory. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blasone%2C+Massimo%22">Blasone, Massimo</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> blasone@sa.infn.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smaldone%2C+Luca%22">Smaldone, Luca</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lsmaldone@unisa.it</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Modern+Physics+A%3A+Particles+%26+Fields%3B+Gravitation%3B+Cosmology%3B+Nuclear+Physics%22">International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics</searchLink>. 12/20/2025, Vol. 40 Issue 35, p1-59. 59p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutrino+oscillation%22">Neutrino oscillation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+field+theory%22">Quantum field theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oscillations%22">Oscillations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Green's+functions%22">Green's functions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Perturbation+theory%22">Perturbation theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lepton+number%22">Lepton number</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heisenberg+uncertainty+principle%22">Heisenberg uncertainty principle</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: In this work, we present a comprehensive and pedagogical review of two quantum field theoretical approaches to neutrino flavor mixing and oscillations: the nonperturbative flavor Fock space formalism and the perturbative interaction picture framework. Starting from a minimally extended Standard Model, where neutrino masses and mixing are treated analogously to the quark sector, we derive the explicit form of leptonic flavor charges from the charged-current Lagrangian in the spontaneously broken phase. We present the standard quantum mechanical treatment of neutrino oscillations and an alternative derivation based on the first-quantized Dirac equation. We then review the construction of the flavor Fock space, in which flavor states emerge as eigenstates of the flavor charges, and show how oscillation probabilities can be computed both from charge and current expectation values and from Green's functions. The nontrivial vacuum structure associated with this approach leads to key results such as the conservation of lepton number at tree level and a rigorous derivation of the time–energy uncertainty relation in neutrino oscillations. We also discuss the extension to the three-flavor case and the entangled nature of flavor states. In parallel, we explore a perturbative approach that treats flavor mixing as an interaction. Starting from simple quantum mechanical models and extending to bosonic field theories, we show how neutrino oscillation probabilities can be derived via Dyson expansion in the interaction picture. Remarkably, this method reproduces the same oscillation formulas as the nonperturbative approach, within the expected limits. We emphasize the necessity of working at finite time, rather than in the asymptotic S-matrix framework. Our analysis highlights the conceptual and structural unity of these approaches and offers a solid framework for further developments in the field of neutrino physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1142/S0217751X25300170 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 59 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Neutrino oscillation Type: general – SubjectFull: Quantum field theory Type: general – SubjectFull: Oscillations Type: general – SubjectFull: Green's functions Type: general – SubjectFull: Perturbation theory Type: general – SubjectFull: Lepton number Type: general – SubjectFull: Heisenberg uncertainty principle Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Perturbative and nonperturbative aspects of neutrino oscillations in quantum field theory. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Blasone, Massimo – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Smaldone, Luca IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 20 M: 12 Text: 12/20/2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 0217751X Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 40 – Type: issue Value: 35 Titles: – TitleFull: International Journal of Modern Physics A: Particles & Fields; Gravitation; Cosmology; Nuclear Physics Type: main |
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