A Malicious Code Propagation Model Based on Dual Protection Mechanisms in Heterogeneous IoT Networks.
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| Title: | A Malicious Code Propagation Model Based on Dual Protection Mechanisms in Heterogeneous IoT Networks. |
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| Authors: | Wen Han1 hanwen1014@126.com, Jianguo Ren2 jsnucs1119@163.com, Yonghong Xu3 xyh8810@126.com |
| Source: | IAENG International Journal of Applied Mathematics. Jan2026, Vol. 56 Issue 1, p445-455. 11p. |
| Subjects: | Malware, Internet of things, Computer network reliability, Statistical models, Malware prevention |
| Abstract: | The core advantage of IoT networks lies in integrating heterogeneous devices via multi-protocol communication to enable sensing, control, and security monitoring. However, the diverse device capabilities, protocol variety, and inconsistent security measures make IoT networks more susceptible to malicious code attacks compared to other network types. This paper develops a dynamic model for malicious code propagation in heterogeneous IoT networks, proposing the SIR-AF model, which incorporates dual protection mechanisms: adaptive nodes (A) for proactive device defenses (e.g., firmware updates, firewall enhancements) and feedback nodes (F) for sharing threat information to improve network resilience. The model is formulated using a differential equation system, with stability analyses showing that when the critical propagation parameter is below 0.001, the peak number of infected nodes decreases by up to 70.12%. Enhanced detection and feedback capabilities significantly improve the containment effect, demonstrating the effectiveness of the dual protection strategy in mitigating malware spread across heterogeneous IoT environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
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