Silage as a Feasible Technique for Calabash Tree (Crescentia cujete) Fruit Conservation: Evaluation of Different Mixtures and Alternatives.
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| Title: | Silage as a Feasible Technique for Calabash Tree (Crescentia cujete) Fruit Conservation: Evaluation of Different Mixtures and Alternatives. |
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| Authors: | Rojas-Meza, Diego A.1,2 (AUTHOR) diegoarmando.rojas@autonoma.cat, Filella, Jordi Bartolomé1 (AUTHOR), Giraldo, Luis Alfonso3 (AUTHOR), Correa-Londoño, Guillermo A.4 (AUTHOR), Júnior, Valter Bumbieris5 (AUTHOR), García, Leonardo Manzano6 (AUTHOR), González-García, Eliel7 (AUTHOR) eliel.gonzalez-garcia@inrae.fr, Hebishy, Essam (AUTHOR) ehebishy+eic@wiley.com |
| Source: | Journal of Food Processing & Preservation. 1/1/2026, Vol. 2025, p1-18. 18p. |
| Subjects: | Silage, Preservation of fruit, Nutritional value, Tropical dry forests, Cattle feeding & feeds, Fermentation, Gourds |
| Abstract: | This research was aimed at evaluating the efficiency of silage technique with or without additional ingredients for conserving the fruit of the calabash tree (Crescentia cujete) as a source of food for cattle in the tropical dry forest. Five treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design, following a 5 × 5 factorial scheme with five treatments and five conservation times (7, 14, 28, 56, and 90 days) in order to understand, not only the effect of treatments but also the effect of time on the assessed fermentation and quality parameters. Hence, experimental treatments were defined as follows: T0, consisting of unground and not ensiled fruits; T1, ensiled ground fruit with no additives; T2, ensiled ground fruit with 1.5% of common salt (NaCl) addition; T3, ensiled mixture of ground fruit and calabash tree foliage in a fresh basis of 30:70 fruit‐to‐roughage ratio; and T4, ensiled mixture of ground fruit and Angleton (Dichanthium aristatum) hay in a fresh basis of 50:50 fruit‐to‐roughage ratio. The fermentative profile (i.e., pH, buffer capacity, NH3‐N, and organic acid concentrations), nutritional value, and losses (i.e., fresh matter, dry matter (DM), nutrients, and gas) were determined. Not ensiled calabash tree fruit (T0) showed undesirable conservation characteristics, with the highest pH, the highest losses, and the poorest nutritive value after 90 days. Inclusion of forage in silage in treatments T3 and T4 increased the DM and the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content compared to treatment T1. This dramatically reduced the specific density in treatment T4, which allowed fungus to appear and spoil the silage, resulting in a poor fermentative profile. T1 and T2 showed the lowest total losses, followed by T3. They also showed the highest concentrations of lactic acid and the lowest pH values, despite their high buffering capacity. The hard shells of the fruits were not sufficient to preserve the pulp and its nutritional value for more than 28 days. The addition of common NaCl did not improve the fermentative profile or nutritive value, so it is not necessary. This study has demonstrated the feasibility of silage technique as a method for preserving calabash tree fruit and suggest fruit silage without any additives followed by silage of ground fruit and calabash tree foliage mixture (30:70 fruit‐to‐roughage ratio) as efficient alternatives for preserving these feeds to supplement ruminant diets during dry season shortages in tropical farming systems. Further researches are necessary to evaluate the reproducibility and scalability of these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Food Processing & Preservation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 190645172 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Silage as a Feasible Technique for Calabash Tree (Crescentia cujete) Fruit Conservation: Evaluation of Different Mixtures and Alternatives. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rojas-Meza%2C+Diego+A%2E%22">Rojas-Meza, Diego A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> diegoarmando.rojas@autonoma.cat</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Filella%2C+Jordi+Bartolomé%22">Filella, Jordi Bartolomé</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Giraldo%2C+Luis+Alfonso%22">Giraldo, Luis Alfonso</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Correa-Londoño%2C+Guillermo+A%2E%22">Correa-Londoño, Guillermo A.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Júnior%2C+Valter+Bumbieris%22">Júnior, Valter Bumbieris</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22García%2C+Leonardo+Manzano%22">García, Leonardo Manzano</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22González-García%2C+Eliel%22">González-García, Eliel</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> eliel.gonzalez-garcia@inrae.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hebishy%2C+Essam%22">Hebishy, Essam</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<i> ehebishy+eic@wiley.com</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Food+Processing+%26+Preservation%22">Journal of Food Processing & Preservation</searchLink>. 1/1/2026, Vol. 2025, p1-18. 18p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Silage%22">Silage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Preservation+of+fruit%22">Preservation of fruit</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nutritional+value%22">Nutritional value</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tropical+dry+forests%22">Tropical dry forests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cattle+feeding+%26+feeds%22">Cattle feeding & feeds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fermentation%22">Fermentation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gourds%22">Gourds</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This research was aimed at evaluating the efficiency of silage technique with or without additional ingredients for conserving the fruit of the calabash tree (Crescentia cujete) as a source of food for cattle in the tropical dry forest. Five treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design, following a 5 × 5 factorial scheme with five treatments and five conservation times (7, 14, 28, 56, and 90 days) in order to understand, not only the effect of treatments but also the effect of time on the assessed fermentation and quality parameters. Hence, experimental treatments were defined as follows: T0, consisting of unground and not ensiled fruits; T1, ensiled ground fruit with no additives; T2, ensiled ground fruit with 1.5% of common salt (NaCl) addition; T3, ensiled mixture of ground fruit and calabash tree foliage in a fresh basis of 30:70 fruit‐to‐roughage ratio; and T4, ensiled mixture of ground fruit and Angleton (Dichanthium aristatum) hay in a fresh basis of 50:50 fruit‐to‐roughage ratio. The fermentative profile (i.e., pH, buffer capacity, NH3‐N, and organic acid concentrations), nutritional value, and losses (i.e., fresh matter, dry matter (DM), nutrients, and gas) were determined. Not ensiled calabash tree fruit (T0) showed undesirable conservation characteristics, with the highest pH, the highest losses, and the poorest nutritive value after 90 days. Inclusion of forage in silage in treatments T3 and T4 increased the DM and the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content compared to treatment T1. This dramatically reduced the specific density in treatment T4, which allowed fungus to appear and spoil the silage, resulting in a poor fermentative profile. T1 and T2 showed the lowest total losses, followed by T3. They also showed the highest concentrations of lactic acid and the lowest pH values, despite their high buffering capacity. The hard shells of the fruits were not sufficient to preserve the pulp and its nutritional value for more than 28 days. The addition of common NaCl did not improve the fermentative profile or nutritive value, so it is not necessary. This study has demonstrated the feasibility of silage technique as a method for preserving calabash tree fruit and suggest fruit silage without any additives followed by silage of ground fruit and calabash tree foliage mixture (30:70 fruit‐to‐roughage ratio) as efficient alternatives for preserving these feeds to supplement ruminant diets during dry season shortages in tropical farming systems. Further researches are necessary to evaluate the reproducibility and scalability of these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Food Processing & Preservation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1155/jfpp/5590708 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 18 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Silage Type: general – SubjectFull: Preservation of fruit Type: general – SubjectFull: Nutritional value Type: general – SubjectFull: Tropical dry forests Type: general – SubjectFull: Cattle feeding & feeds Type: general – SubjectFull: Fermentation Type: general – SubjectFull: Gourds Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Silage as a Feasible Technique for Calabash Tree (Crescentia cujete) Fruit Conservation: Evaluation of Different Mixtures and Alternatives. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Rojas-Meza, Diego A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Filella, Jordi Bartolomé – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Giraldo, Luis Alfonso – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Correa-Londoño, Guillermo A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Júnior, Valter Bumbieris – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: García, Leonardo Manzano – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: González-García, Eliel – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hebishy, Essam IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 01 Text: 1/1/2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 01458892 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 2025 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Food Processing & Preservation Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
