Large-Scale Influences on Tropical Cyclone Activities in a Superparameterized General Circulation Model Aquaplanet Experiment.
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| Title: | Large-Scale Influences on Tropical Cyclone Activities in a Superparameterized General Circulation Model Aquaplanet Experiment. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Chow, Tsun Ngai1 (AUTHOR) leonardochow1998@link.cuhk.edu.hk, Tam, Chi Yung2 (AUTHOR), Chung, Eric Tsz Shun1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Journal of Climate. Jan2026, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p619-637. 19p. |
| Subjects: | Tropical cyclones, General circulation model, Hazard mitigation, Atmospheric models, Convective flow, Multiscale modeling, Extreme weather |
| Abstract: | Accurately predicting tropical cyclone (TC) activities is necessary for hazard mitigation and adaptation. However, general circulation model (GCM)-simulated TC behavior is sensitive to the horizontal resolution and to how convection is represented. A superparameterized (SP) GCM explicitly calculates convection and subgrid processes using slices of finer-resolution microscale models embedded in each GCM grid column. Hence, it better resolves convective processes while maintaining acceptable computational costs. Here, we compared TC activities from the Community Atmosphere Model v5.0 (CAM) (with parameterized physics, hereafter referred to as CPCAM) with SP-CAM v5.0 (SPCAM) by aquaplanet experiments with an off-equatorial, zonally symmetric sea surface temperature profile. It was found that SPCAM TC frequency was much higher than the CPCAM counterpart. In SPCAM, the TC wind–pressure relationship was better captured and storm intensity was higher. Additionally, more "TC seeds" were identified in SPCAM. Genesis potential index analysis suggested that the differences in the number of TCs can be attributed primarily to weaker vertical wind shear (VWS) and secondarily to stronger 850-hPa absolute vorticity in SPCAM. Further inspection revealed that the VWS difference was associated with a slightly weaker Hadley circulation, whereas the intertropical convergence zone was wider and extended further northward in the summer hemisphere, leading to stronger low-level absolute vorticity in SPCAM. Stronger convectively coupled equatorial wave activities were also found in SPCAM. Apparently, the well-captured equatorial Rossby and mixed Rossby–gravity waves promoted TC genesis. These results highlight the value of applying multiscale modeling methods in climate modeling of extreme events with enhanced computational efficiency. Significance Statement: Accurately predicting tropical cyclone (TC) genesis through computer simulations is important for hazard mitigation. However, the number of TCs simulated is sensitive to the model's horizontal resolution and to how convection is represented. Alternatively, "superparameterization" (SP) explicitly calculates convection and unresolved processes using a simplified high-resolution model embedded in a low-resolution model, balancing accuracy and computational cost. Here, we investigate TC frequency using a convective-parameterized (CP) general circulation model (GCM) and an SP-GCM. There was much more TC genesis in the SP-GCM than in the CP-GCM. This was attributed to a weaker tropical overturning circulation, a wider and further northward intertropical convergence zone, and improved simulation of tropical waves. More advanced SP techniques can improve extreme weather modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 190802471 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Large-Scale Influences on Tropical Cyclone Activities in a Superparameterized General Circulation Model Aquaplanet Experiment. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chow%2C+Tsun+Ngai%22">Chow, Tsun Ngai</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> leonardochow1998@link.cuhk.edu.hk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tam%2C+Chi+Yung%22">Tam, Chi Yung</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chung%2C+Eric+Tsz+Shun%22">Chung, Eric Tsz Shun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Climate%22">Journal of Climate</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p619-637. 19p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tropical+cyclones%22">Tropical cyclones</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22General+circulation+model%22">General circulation model</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hazard+mitigation%22">Hazard mitigation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+models%22">Atmospheric models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Convective+flow%22">Convective flow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiscale+modeling%22">Multiscale modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Extreme+weather%22">Extreme weather</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Accurately predicting tropical cyclone (TC) activities is necessary for hazard mitigation and adaptation. However, general circulation model (GCM)-simulated TC behavior is sensitive to the horizontal resolution and to how convection is represented. A superparameterized (SP) GCM explicitly calculates convection and subgrid processes using slices of finer-resolution microscale models embedded in each GCM grid column. Hence, it better resolves convective processes while maintaining acceptable computational costs. Here, we compared TC activities from the Community Atmosphere Model v5.0 (CAM) (with parameterized physics, hereafter referred to as CPCAM) with SP-CAM v5.0 (SPCAM) by aquaplanet experiments with an off-equatorial, zonally symmetric sea surface temperature profile. It was found that SPCAM TC frequency was much higher than the CPCAM counterpart. In SPCAM, the TC wind–pressure relationship was better captured and storm intensity was higher. Additionally, more "TC seeds" were identified in SPCAM. Genesis potential index analysis suggested that the differences in the number of TCs can be attributed primarily to weaker vertical wind shear (VWS) and secondarily to stronger 850-hPa absolute vorticity in SPCAM. Further inspection revealed that the VWS difference was associated with a slightly weaker Hadley circulation, whereas the intertropical convergence zone was wider and extended further northward in the summer hemisphere, leading to stronger low-level absolute vorticity in SPCAM. Stronger convectively coupled equatorial wave activities were also found in SPCAM. Apparently, the well-captured equatorial Rossby and mixed Rossby–gravity waves promoted TC genesis. These results highlight the value of applying multiscale modeling methods in climate modeling of extreme events with enhanced computational efficiency. Significance Statement: Accurately predicting tropical cyclone (TC) genesis through computer simulations is important for hazard mitigation. However, the number of TCs simulated is sensitive to the model's horizontal resolution and to how convection is represented. Alternatively, "superparameterization" (SP) explicitly calculates convection and unresolved processes using a simplified high-resolution model embedded in a low-resolution model, balancing accuracy and computational cost. Here, we investigate TC frequency using a convective-parameterized (CP) general circulation model (GCM) and an SP-GCM. There was much more TC genesis in the SP-GCM than in the CP-GCM. This was attributed to a weaker tropical overturning circulation, a wider and further northward intertropical convergence zone, and improved simulation of tropical waves. More advanced SP techniques can improve extreme weather modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Climate is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=190802471 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1175/JCLI-D-24-0710.1 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 19 StartPage: 619 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Tropical cyclones Type: general – SubjectFull: General circulation model Type: general – SubjectFull: Hazard mitigation Type: general – SubjectFull: Atmospheric models Type: general – SubjectFull: Convective flow Type: general – SubjectFull: Multiscale modeling Type: general – SubjectFull: Extreme weather Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Large-Scale Influences on Tropical Cyclone Activities in a Superparameterized General Circulation Model Aquaplanet Experiment. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chow, Tsun Ngai – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Tam, Chi Yung – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chung, Eric Tsz Shun IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 01 Text: Jan2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 08948755 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 39 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Climate Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
