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GW230529: unveiling the hidden realm of the anisotropic neutron stars in the lower mass gap with gravitational wave echoes.

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Title: GW230529: unveiling the hidden realm of the anisotropic neutron stars in the lower mass gap with gravitational wave echoes.
Authors: Bandyopadhyay, Mayukh1 (AUTHOR) mayukhbandyopadhyay@yahoo.com
Source: European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields. Dec2025, Vol. 85 Issue 12, p1-16. 16p.
Subjects: Neutron stars, Anisotropy, Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, Einstein field equations, Stellar collisions, Interferometers, Gravitational waves
Abstract: Recent discovery of a compact binary coalescence through GW230529 by LIGO has indicated the merger event of a compact object of mass between 2.5 - 4.5 M ⊙ with a neutron star of mass between 1.2 - 2.0 M ⊙ . The mass of the unknown compact object makes it within the heaviest neutron star never tracked out or the lightest black hole ever detected. Here, we have shown that such a mass gap neutron star with this observed mass ( 2.5 - 4.5 M ⊙ ) can be explained consistently by f(R) gravity. We have also adopted the presence of pressure anisotropy inside the neutron star which supports a massive neutron star with mass more than 2.6 M ⊙ , compatible with LIGO data (GW190814). Further, the modified Tollman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations have acknowledged such a compact stellar structure that can produce gravitational wave echoes (frequencies remain in the range of 3 - 6 kHz). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: GW230529: unveiling the hidden realm of the anisotropic neutron stars in the lower mass gap with gravitational wave echoes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bandyopadhyay%2C+Mayukh%22">Bandyopadhyay, Mayukh</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mayukhbandyopadhyay@yahoo.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Physical+Journal+C+--+Particles+%26+Fields%22">European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 85 Issue 12, p1-16. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutron+stars%22">Neutron stars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anisotropy%22">Anisotropy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laser+Interferometer+Gravitational-Wave+Observatory%22">Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Einstein+field+equations%22">Einstein field equations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stellar+collisions%22">Stellar collisions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interferometers%22">Interferometers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gravitational+waves%22">Gravitational waves</searchLink>
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  Data: Recent discovery of a compact binary coalescence through GW230529 by LIGO has indicated the merger event of a compact object of mass between 2.5 - 4.5 M ⊙ with a neutron star of mass between 1.2 - 2.0 M ⊙ . The mass of the unknown compact object makes it within the heaviest neutron star never tracked out or the lightest black hole ever detected. Here, we have shown that such a mass gap neutron star with this observed mass ( 2.5 - 4.5 M ⊙ ) can be explained consistently by f(R) gravity. We have also adopted the presence of pressure anisotropy inside the neutron star which supports a massive neutron star with mass more than 2.6 M ⊙ , compatible with LIGO data (GW190814). Further, the modified Tollman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations have acknowledged such a compact stellar structure that can produce gravitational wave echoes (frequencies remain in the range of 3 - 6 kHz). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15231-5
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Neutron stars
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anisotropy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory
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      – SubjectFull: Einstein field equations
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      – SubjectFull: Stellar collisions
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      – SubjectFull: Interferometers
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      – SubjectFull: Gravitational waves
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              Text: Dec2025
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