Mechanical Stability of High-Carbon Retained Austenite and Corresponding TRIP Effect in Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI).
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| Title: | Mechanical Stability of High-Carbon Retained Austenite and Corresponding TRIP Effect in Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI). |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Avishan, Behzad1 (AUTHOR) bavishan@baskent.edu.tr, Charchi Aghdam, Majid2 (AUTHOR), Hosseinzadeh Khanmiri, Mehdi2 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | International Journal of Metalcasting. Jan2026, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p462-472. 11p. |
| Subjects: | Austenite, Stability (Mechanics), Microstructure, Phase transitions, Carbon, Nodular iron, Deformations (Mechanics) |
| Abstract: | The mechanical stability of austenite and its corresponding TRIP effect varies among different ADI grades, mainly due to its different volume fraction, morphology, and size. Despite the extensive research on ADI, a detailed quantitative evaluation of austenite stability using both experimental techniques and mathematical approach remains limited. This study addresses this gap by investigating the mechanical stability of austenite in two ADI grades austempered at 300 and 370 °C. Experimental observations, including interrupted tensile tests and XRD analysis, were integrated with two well-established mathematical approach to quantify austenite stability and its impact on the TRIP effect. The results revealed that ADI austempered at 300 °C exhibited greater mechanical stability due to its smaller austenite size and lower fraction of blocky morphology. In both ADI grades, blocky austenite transformed into martensite at the early stages of tensile deformation, particularly in ADI treated at 370 °C. Remaining austenite at later deformation stages was more enriched in carbon, with a more significant effect in ADI austempered at 300 °C. The mathematical models closely matched the experimental findings, further confirming the superior mechanical stability of austenite in ADI austempered at 300 °C. These insights highlight the crucial role of microstructural characteristics in optimizing the mechanical performance of ADI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of International Journal of Metalcasting is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 191134261 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Mechanical Stability of High-Carbon Retained Austenite and Corresponding TRIP Effect in Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI). – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Avishan%2C+Behzad%22">Avishan, Behzad</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> bavishan@baskent.edu.tr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Charchi+Aghdam%2C+Majid%22">Charchi Aghdam, Majid</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hosseinzadeh+Khanmiri%2C+Mehdi%22">Hosseinzadeh Khanmiri, Mehdi</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Metalcasting%22">International Journal of Metalcasting</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p462-472. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Austenite%22">Austenite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stability+%28Mechanics%29%22">Stability (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phase+transitions%22">Phase transitions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon%22">Carbon</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nodular+iron%22">Nodular iron</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deformations+%28Mechanics%29%22">Deformations (Mechanics)</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The mechanical stability of austenite and its corresponding TRIP effect varies among different ADI grades, mainly due to its different volume fraction, morphology, and size. Despite the extensive research on ADI, a detailed quantitative evaluation of austenite stability using both experimental techniques and mathematical approach remains limited. This study addresses this gap by investigating the mechanical stability of austenite in two ADI grades austempered at 300 and 370 °C. Experimental observations, including interrupted tensile tests and XRD analysis, were integrated with two well-established mathematical approach to quantify austenite stability and its impact on the TRIP effect. The results revealed that ADI austempered at 300 °C exhibited greater mechanical stability due to its smaller austenite size and lower fraction of blocky morphology. In both ADI grades, blocky austenite transformed into martensite at the early stages of tensile deformation, particularly in ADI treated at 370 °C. Remaining austenite at later deformation stages was more enriched in carbon, with a more significant effect in ADI austempered at 300 °C. The mathematical models closely matched the experimental findings, further confirming the superior mechanical stability of austenite in ADI austempered at 300 °C. These insights highlight the crucial role of microstructural characteristics in optimizing the mechanical performance of ADI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Metalcasting is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s40962-025-01604-9 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 462 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Austenite Type: general – SubjectFull: Stability (Mechanics) Type: general – SubjectFull: Microstructure Type: general – SubjectFull: Phase transitions Type: general – SubjectFull: Carbon Type: general – SubjectFull: Nodular iron Type: general – SubjectFull: Deformations (Mechanics) Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Mechanical Stability of High-Carbon Retained Austenite and Corresponding TRIP Effect in Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI). Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Avishan, Behzad – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Charchi Aghdam, Majid – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hosseinzadeh Khanmiri, Mehdi IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 01 Text: Jan2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 19395981 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 20 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: International Journal of Metalcasting Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
