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Liquid-phase co-exfoliation strategy for engineered 2D/2D boron-doped g-C3N4/MoS2 photocatalysts towards solar hydrogen evolution.

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Title: Liquid-phase co-exfoliation strategy for engineered 2D/2D boron-doped g-C3N4/MoS2 photocatalysts towards solar hydrogen evolution.
Authors: D Souza, Hanson Clinton1 (AUTHOR), Sankar, Ashok1 (AUTHOR), Vattikondala, Ganesh1 (AUTHOR) ganeshv3@srmist.edu.in, Neppolian, Bernaurdshaw2 (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. Mar2026, Vol. 214, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Photocatalysts, Hydrogen production, Two-dimensional materials (Nanotechnology), Boron, Exfoliation (Materials science), Molybdenum disulfide, Heterostructures
Abstract: Despite their promise in solar hydrogen production, two-dimensional materials such as graphitic carbon nitride (CN) and molybdenum disulfide (MS) often suffer from rapid charge recombination and sluggish charge-transfer kinetics. Here, we report a facile liquid-phase co-exfoliation strategy to hybridise boron-doped CN (BCN) with MS, leveraging their comparable surface energies to form an in situ 2D/2D BCN-MS heterostructure with intimate interfacial contact. An optimised water-isopropanol solvent system was employed to achieve surface-energy matching, resulting in effective exfoliation and stable dispersion. Structural and spectroscopic analyses confirm the formation of a strongly coupled Type-II junction that promotes charge separation and suppresses radiative recombination. The optimised BCN-MS photocatalyst delivers an exceptional hydrogen evolution rate of 728 μmolg-1h-1 under direct sunlight, significantly outperforming pristine CN, BCN, and MS. Boron doping enhances visible-light absorption and carrier mobility, while mixed-phase (1T/2H) MS nanosheets with sulfur vacancies and vertical alignment markedly increase active-site density and catalytic performance. • Scalable co-exfoliation produced a 2D/2D boron-doped g-C 3 N 4 /MoS 2 heterostructure. • Boron doping tuned the g-C 3 N 4 band structure and enhanced visible-light absorption. • Mixed-phase (1T/2H) MoS 2 enabled fast charge transfer and suppressed recombination. • Achieved a high H 2 evolution rate of 728 μmolg-1h-1 under direct sunlight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Despite their promise in solar hydrogen production, two-dimensional materials such as graphitic carbon nitride (CN) and molybdenum disulfide (MS) often suffer from rapid charge recombination and sluggish charge-transfer kinetics. Here, we report a facile liquid-phase co-exfoliation strategy to hybridise boron-doped CN (BCN) with MS, leveraging their comparable surface energies to form an in situ 2D/2D BCN-MS heterostructure with intimate interfacial contact. An optimised water-isopropanol solvent system was employed to achieve surface-energy matching, resulting in effective exfoliation and stable dispersion. Structural and spectroscopic analyses confirm the formation of a strongly coupled Type-II junction that promotes charge separation and suppresses radiative recombination. The optimised BCN-MS photocatalyst delivers an exceptional hydrogen evolution rate of 728 μmolg-1h-1 under direct sunlight, significantly outperforming pristine CN, BCN, and MS. Boron doping enhances visible-light absorption and carrier mobility, while mixed-phase (1T/2H) MS nanosheets with sulfur vacancies and vertical alignment markedly increase active-site density and catalytic performance. • Scalable co-exfoliation produced a 2D/2D boron-doped g-C 3 N 4 /MoS 2 heterostructure. • Boron doping tuned the g-C 3 N 4 band structure and enhanced visible-light absorption. • Mixed-phase (1T/2H) MoS 2 enabled fast charge transfer and suppressed recombination. • Achieved a high H 2 evolution rate of 728 μmolg-1h-1 under direct sunlight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:03603199
DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153771