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Phase Equilibria in the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe2O3 System: Experiments, Thermodynamic Modeling, and Its Applications.

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Title: Phase Equilibria in the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe2O3 System: Experiments, Thermodynamic Modeling, and Its Applications.
Authors: Zhang, Liang1 (AUTHOR), Liu, Yuling1 (AUTHOR), Wen, Shiyi1 (AUTHOR), Tan, Jing1 (AUTHOR) jingtan@csu.edu.cn, Deng, Tengfei2 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Ligang3 (AUTHOR), Du, Yong1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Feb2026, Vol. 109 Issue 2, p1-13. 13p.
Subjects: Phase equilibrium, Phase diagrams, Electron probe microanalysis, Refractory materials, X-ray diffraction, Steel industry, Oxides
Abstract: The phase equilibrium of the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe2O3 system is important for the preparation of refractory materials and study of the steelmaking process. Experimental investigation was carried out using equilibrium/quenching, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) technique to measure the equilibrium compositions of liquid and solid phases at 1623 and 1673 K. The phase regions of liquid + spinel, liquid + spinel + magnesiowüstite, and liquid + magnesiowüstite + Ca2Fe2O5 at isothermal sections of 1623 and 1673 K were determined. Based on the experiments as well as the literature data, the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe2O3 system was assessed by the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) method. The ionic two‐sublattice model (Ca+2, Fe+2, Mg+2)P(O−2, Va, FeO1.5)Q was used to describe the liquid phase. A set of self‐consistent thermodynamic model parameters was obtained. The thermodynamic description obtained in this work can be used not only for the oxide system but also for the elemental system. The calculation results were in good agreement with most of experimental data. The effect of adding Fe2O3 on CaO‐MgO refractories was analyzed. The present thermodynamic description of the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe2O3 system contributes to compositional design in CaO‐MgO‐based refractories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 191834530
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  Data: Phase Equilibria in the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe<subscript>2</subscript>O<subscript>3</subscript> System: Experiments, Thermodynamic Modeling, and Its Applications.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Liang%22">Zhang, Liang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Yuling%22">Liu, Yuling</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wen%2C+Shiyi%22">Wen, Shiyi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tan%2C+Jing%22">Tan, Jing</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jingtan@csu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deng%2C+Tengfei%22">Deng, Tengfei</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Ligang%22">Zhang, Ligang</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Du%2C+Yong%22">Du, Yong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+the+American+Ceramic+Society%22">Journal of the American Ceramic Society</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 109 Issue 2, p1-13. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phase+equilibrium%22">Phase equilibrium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phase+diagrams%22">Phase diagrams</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electron+probe+microanalysis%22">Electron probe microanalysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Refractory+materials%22">Refractory materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22X-ray+diffraction%22">X-ray diffraction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Steel+industry%22">Steel industry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oxides%22">Oxides</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The phase equilibrium of the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe2O3 system is important for the preparation of refractory materials and study of the steelmaking process. Experimental investigation was carried out using equilibrium/quenching, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) technique to measure the equilibrium compositions of liquid and solid phases at 1623 and 1673 K. The phase regions of liquid + spinel, liquid + spinel + magnesiowüstite, and liquid + magnesiowüstite + Ca2Fe2O5 at isothermal sections of 1623 and 1673 K were determined. Based on the experiments as well as the literature data, the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe2O3 system was assessed by the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) method. The ionic two‐sublattice model (Ca+2, Fe+2, Mg+2)P(O−2, Va, FeO1.5)Q was used to describe the liquid phase. A set of self‐consistent thermodynamic model parameters was obtained. The thermodynamic description obtained in this work can be used not only for the oxide system but also for the elemental system. The calculation results were in good agreement with most of experimental data. The effect of adding Fe2O3 on CaO‐MgO refractories was analyzed. The present thermodynamic description of the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe2O3 system contributes to compositional design in CaO‐MgO‐based refractories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/jace.70556
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
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      – SubjectFull: Phase equilibrium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phase diagrams
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electron probe microanalysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Refractory materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: X-ray diffraction
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      – SubjectFull: Steel industry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oxides
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Phase Equilibria in the CaO‐MgO‐FeO‐Fe2O3 System: Experiments, Thermodynamic Modeling, and Its Applications.
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            NameFull: Zhang, Liang
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            NameFull: Liu, Yuling
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            NameFull: Zhang, Ligang
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            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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