Towards a general field equation for galaxies and galaxy clusters.
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| Title: | Towards a general field equation for galaxies and galaxy clusters. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Penner, A. Raymond1,2 (AUTHOR) raymond.penner@viu.ca |
| Source: | Astrophysics & Space Science. Feb2026, Vol. 371 Issue 2, p1-13. 13p. |
| Subjects: | Galaxy clusters, Galactic dynamics, Theorists, Gravitation, Dark matter |
| Abstract: | The MONDian theory of AQUAL (AQUAdratic Lagrangian) and the theory of GRAS (GRavitational Anti-Screening) are alternatives to the theory of dark matter. When these theories are applied to galaxy dynamics they are in excellent agreement with observations including the galactic RAR (Radial Acceleration Relationship). However, when applied to galaxy clusters they do not explain the bulk of the missing mass. This manuscript develops a modified version of the GRAS/AQUAL field equation that can be extended to galaxy clusters. It involves just a single free parameter. The new field equation is then applied to a sample of galaxy clusters and checked against modeled galaxies and solar system constraints. Further to this, the modified field equation leads to an understanding of the difference between the galactic RAR and the RAR recently found for clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Astrophysics & Space Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 192417900 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Towards a general field equation for galaxies and galaxy clusters. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Penner%2C+A%2E+Raymond%22">Penner, A. Raymond</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> raymond.penner@viu.ca</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Astrophysics+%26+Space+Science%22">Astrophysics & Space Science</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 371 Issue 2, p1-13. 13p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Galaxy+clusters%22">Galaxy clusters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Galactic+dynamics%22">Galactic dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Theorists%22">Theorists</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gravitation%22">Gravitation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dark+matter%22">Dark matter</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The MONDian theory of AQUAL (AQUAdratic Lagrangian) and the theory of GRAS (GRavitational Anti-Screening) are alternatives to the theory of dark matter. When these theories are applied to galaxy dynamics they are in excellent agreement with observations including the galactic RAR (Radial Acceleration Relationship). However, when applied to galaxy clusters they do not explain the bulk of the missing mass. This manuscript develops a modified version of the GRAS/AQUAL field equation that can be extended to galaxy clusters. It involves just a single free parameter. The new field equation is then applied to a sample of galaxy clusters and checked against modeled galaxies and solar system constraints. Further to this, the modified field equation leads to an understanding of the difference between the galactic RAR and the RAR recently found for clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Astrophysics & Space Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s10509-026-04548-6 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 13 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Galaxy clusters Type: general – SubjectFull: Galactic dynamics Type: general – SubjectFull: Theorists Type: general – SubjectFull: Gravitation Type: general – SubjectFull: Dark matter Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Towards a general field equation for galaxies and galaxy clusters. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Penner, A. Raymond IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 02 Text: Feb2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 0004640X Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 371 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Astrophysics & Space Science Type: main |
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