Separation of Overlapped Direct and Reflected Waveforms for Low-Altitude UAV-Based GNSS-R Altimetry.
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| Title: | Separation of Overlapped Direct and Reflected Waveforms for Low-Altitude UAV-Based GNSS-R Altimetry. |
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| Authors: | Xu, Ziyin1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Xianyi1,2,3 (AUTHOR) wxy@nssc.ac.cn, Xia, Junming1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Sun, Yueqiang1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Liu, Cheng1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Zhuoyan1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Tian, Yusen1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Qiu, Tongsheng1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Dongwei1,2,3 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Remote Sensing. Mar2026, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p893. 25p. |
| Subjects: | Signal separation, Altitude measurements, Global Positioning System, Interference (Telecommunication), Remote sensing |
| Abstract: | Highlights: What are the main findings? A GNSS-R altimetry algorithm based on signal separation is proposed to address direct and reflected signal mixing in low-altitude UAV observations. The direct-signal-priority strategy suppresses the dominant direct signal and retrieves the geometric delay, enabling stable real-time height estimation. What are the implications of the main findings? The proposed method improves the robustness of GNSS-R altimetry under strong signal coupling conditions typical of low-altitude platforms. The results support the application of UAV-based GNSS-R for rapid surface elevation monitoring and inland water observation. GNSS reflectometry (GNSS-R) altimetry has been widely used for retrieving surface elevation over oceans, cryosphere, and land. Recently, UAV-borne GNSS-R systems have gained attention due to their flexibility for low-altitude and localized observations. However, lightweight UAV platforms impose strict payload and real-time processing constraints. At low altitudes, the small geometric delay between direct and reflected signals often leads to waveform overlap, degrading conventional altimetry algorithms. In this study, a lightweight UAV-borne GNSS-R receiver and a signal-separation-based altimetry method are proposed. Direct and reflected signals are separated using waveform characteristics without relying on external height information, mitigating the impact of waveform overlap. Simulations and experiments using a SPIRENT 9000 GNSS simulator demonstrate stable height retrieval under dynamic low-altitude conditions while maintaining real-time capability, confirming the feasibility of lightweight UAV GNSS-R altimetry for rapid elevation monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
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