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Multi-Layer Biocarbon Carbonized from Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Novel Lubricant Nanoadditive in Rapeseed Oil.

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Title: Multi-Layer Biocarbon Carbonized from Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Novel Lubricant Nanoadditive in Rapeseed Oil.
Authors: Guan, Minghang1 (AUTHOR), Su, Kaiqi1,2 (AUTHOR), Chen, Guodong2,3 (AUTHOR), Cheng, Yu1,4 (AUTHOR), Chen, Chao1,3 (AUTHOR), Zhou, Haibin1,2,4 (AUTHOR), Liu, Xiubo1,3,4 (AUTHOR), Meng, Yuan1,4 (AUTHOR) ymengee@yeah.net
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Apr2026, Vol. 19 Issue 8, p1483. 21p.
Subjects: Lubricant additives, Rapeseed oil, Cellulose nanocrystals, Wear resistance, Carbonization, Carbon nanomaterials, Carbon-based materials, Mechanical wear testing
Abstract: It is limited to use cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as green lubricant nanoadditives due to their high biodegradability. A promising solution is to convert CNCs into biocarbon. Herein, a multi-layer biocarbon (MLC) was prepared by carbonizing CNCs with an ionic liquids–thermal method. MLC was characterized comprehensively and then dispersed into rapeseed oil for use as a nanoadditive. The tribological performance of the MLC nanoadditive was evaluated using a ball-on-disc tribometer. The lubrication mechanism of the MLC nanoadditive was elucidated according to wear analysis of the worn surfaces and wear residues. It was found that MLC had a high carbon content of 77 at% and showed a two-dimensional multi-layered morphology. Each layer was composed of amorphous carbon nanosheets embedded with many crystalline carbon dots. The MLC nanoadditive was of excellent dispersibility and stability in rapeseed oil. Tribological experiments showed that the MLC nanoadditive, with a concentration of merely 0.04 wt%, led to a decrease in the frictional coefficient by 12.4% and the wear volume by 50.7%, having higher efficacy than the CNC nanoadditive. The exceptional lubrication effect of the MLC nanoadditive was mainly attributable to its interfacial deposition behavior and its subsequent fragmenting behavior. This work develops a novel method for biocarbon preparation and showcases its significant potential in lubrication applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Multi-Layer Biocarbon Carbonized from Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Novel Lubricant Nanoadditive in Rapeseed Oil.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guan%2C+Minghang%22">Guan, Minghang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Su%2C+Kaiqi%22">Su, Kaiqi</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Guodong%22">Chen, Guodong</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheng%2C+Yu%22">Cheng, Yu</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Chao%22">Chen, Chao</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhou%2C+Haibin%22">Zhou, Haibin</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Xiubo%22">Liu, Xiubo</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meng%2C+Yuan%22">Meng, Yuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ymengee@yeah.net</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 19 Issue 8, p1483. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lubricant+additives%22">Lubricant additives</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rapeseed+oil%22">Rapeseed oil</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cellulose+nanocrystals%22">Cellulose nanocrystals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wear+resistance%22">Wear resistance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbonization%22">Carbonization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+nanomaterials%22">Carbon nanomaterials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon-based+materials%22">Carbon-based materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+wear+testing%22">Mechanical wear testing</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: It is limited to use cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as green lubricant nanoadditives due to their high biodegradability. A promising solution is to convert CNCs into biocarbon. Herein, a multi-layer biocarbon (MLC) was prepared by carbonizing CNCs with an ionic liquids–thermal method. MLC was characterized comprehensively and then dispersed into rapeseed oil for use as a nanoadditive. The tribological performance of the MLC nanoadditive was evaluated using a ball-on-disc tribometer. The lubrication mechanism of the MLC nanoadditive was elucidated according to wear analysis of the worn surfaces and wear residues. It was found that MLC had a high carbon content of 77 at% and showed a two-dimensional multi-layered morphology. Each layer was composed of amorphous carbon nanosheets embedded with many crystalline carbon dots. The MLC nanoadditive was of excellent dispersibility and stability in rapeseed oil. Tribological experiments showed that the MLC nanoadditive, with a concentration of merely 0.04 wt%, led to a decrease in the frictional coefficient by 12.4% and the wear volume by 50.7%, having higher efficacy than the CNC nanoadditive. The exceptional lubrication effect of the MLC nanoadditive was mainly attributable to its interfacial deposition behavior and its subsequent fragmenting behavior. This work develops a novel method for biocarbon preparation and showcases its significant potential in lubrication applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma19081483
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 1483
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Lubricant additives
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rapeseed oil
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cellulose nanocrystals
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      – SubjectFull: Wear resistance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbonization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon nanomaterials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon-based materials
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      – SubjectFull: Mechanical wear testing
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      – TitleFull: Multi-Layer Biocarbon Carbonized from Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Novel Lubricant Nanoadditive in Rapeseed Oil.
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              Text: Apr2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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