Rhodamine B Dye-Functionalized Hydrophobic Carbon Quantum Dots with Dual Emission for White-Light Organic Optoelectronic Devices.

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Title: Rhodamine B Dye-Functionalized Hydrophobic Carbon Quantum Dots with Dual Emission for White-Light Organic Optoelectronic Devices.
Authors: Al-Masri, Walaa1 (AUTHOR), Mahmoud, Alaa Y.1 (AUTHOR) aymahmoud8@uj.edu.sa
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Apr2026, Vol. 16 Issue 8, p482. 14p.
Subjects: Rhodamine B, Dual fluorescence, Light emitting diodes, Optoelectronics, Photoluminescence, Hydrophobic compounds, Carbon nanodots
Abstract: Hydrophobic carbon quantum dots (hbCQDs) with tunable photoluminescence were synthesized via a solvothermal approach and further hybridized with Rhodamine B (RhB) to extend emission into the visible range. The hbCQDs exhibit quasi-spherical morphology with an average particle size of 8 nm and predominantly disordered graphitic structure, as confirmed by TEM and XRD analyses. FTIR and XPS characterizations reveal surface functional groups including C–N, C=O/C–O, and S–H, which govern the photoluminescence properties. Pure hbCQDs display blue emission at 453 nm under excitation, with a quantum yield (QY) of 6.2%. Incorporation of RhB leads to dual-emission behavior: the surface-state emission remains in the blue region, while molecular-state emission from RhB appears in the orange-red region. The 0.2 mL RhB–CQD composite exhibits optimal properties, including a QY of 13% and a production yield of 82%, emitting white light under 365 nm UV excitation. Increasing RhB loading to 0.4 mL results in a shift in emission peaks and a reduced QY (<9%), with weaker orange fluorescence. These findings demonstrate that controlled RhB hybridization effectively tunes the emission spectrum of hbCQDs, offering a simple and reproducible strategy to achieve dual-color and white-light emission. The optimized hbCQDs/RhB composites hold significant potential for applications in hydrophobic media-compatible organic optoelectronics, light-emitting devices, and bioimaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Rhodamine B Dye-Functionalized Hydrophobic Carbon Quantum Dots with Dual Emission for White-Light Organic Optoelectronic Devices.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Rhodamine+B%22&quot;&gt;Rhodamine B&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Dual+fluorescence%22&quot;&gt;Dual fluorescence&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Light+emitting+diodes%22&quot;&gt;Light emitting diodes&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Optoelectronics%22&quot;&gt;Optoelectronics&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Photoluminescence%22&quot;&gt;Photoluminescence&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Hydrophobic+compounds%22&quot;&gt;Hydrophobic compounds&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Carbon+nanodots%22&quot;&gt;Carbon nanodots&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Hydrophobic carbon quantum dots (hbCQDs) with tunable photoluminescence were synthesized via a solvothermal approach and further hybridized with Rhodamine B (RhB) to extend emission into the visible range. The hbCQDs exhibit quasi-spherical morphology with an average particle size of 8 nm and predominantly disordered graphitic structure, as confirmed by TEM and XRD analyses. FTIR and XPS characterizations reveal surface functional groups including C–N, C=O/C–O, and S–H, which govern the photoluminescence properties. Pure hbCQDs display blue emission at 453 nm under excitation, with a quantum yield (QY) of 6.2%. Incorporation of RhB leads to dual-emission behavior: the surface-state emission remains in the blue region, while molecular-state emission from RhB appears in the orange-red region. The 0.2 mL RhB–CQD composite exhibits optimal properties, including a QY of 13% and a production yield of 82%, emitting white light under 365 nm UV excitation. Increasing RhB loading to 0.4 mL results in a shift in emission peaks and a reduced QY (&lt;9%), with weaker orange fluorescence. These findings demonstrate that controlled RhB hybridization effectively tunes the emission spectrum of hbCQDs, offering a simple and reproducible strategy to achieve dual-color and white-light emission. The optimized hbCQDs/RhB composites hold significant potential for applications in hydrophobic media-compatible organic optoelectronics, light-emitting devices, and bioimaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/nano16080482
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 482
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Rhodamine B
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dual fluorescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Light emitting diodes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optoelectronics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photoluminescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrophobic compounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon nanodots
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Rhodamine B Dye-Functionalized Hydrophobic Carbon Quantum Dots with Dual Emission for White-Light Organic Optoelectronic Devices.
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            NameFull: Al-Masri, Walaa
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            NameFull: Mahmoud, Alaa Y.
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            – D: 15
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2026
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              Y: 2026
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