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Enhancing the Uniformity of Bowl-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles Using a Dynamic System in an Electrochemical Microfluidic Chip.

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Title: Enhancing the Uniformity of Bowl-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles Using a Dynamic System in an Electrochemical Microfluidic Chip.
Authors: Khowamnuaychok, Kueakul1 (AUTHOR), Luangchaisri, Chumphon1,2 (AUTHOR), Muangphat, Chivarat1,2 (AUTHOR) chivarat.mua@kmutt.ac.th
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). May2026, Vol. 16 Issue 10, p640. 21p.
Subjects: Gold nanoparticles, Labs on a chip, Plasmonics, Fluid flow, Microbubbles, Nanoparticle size, Electrosynthesis, Nanotechnology
Abstract: Bowl-shaped gold nanoparticles (BAuNPs) are of significant interest due to their tunable localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties. This report presents a new synthesis method that uses hemispherical hydrogen nanobubbles on planar, non-conducting surfaces as templates for gold shell deposition. Initial synthesis under stagnant conditions yielded non-uniform sub-micron particles, attributed to localized hydrogen concentration gradients. The cyclonic flow was introduced aiming to reduce these gradients, although simultaneously inducing significant particle aggregation, obscuring the open structure. To overcome these challenges, an electrochemical microfluidic system was implemented to create a laminar flow environment. This configuration optimizes ion distribution and introduces shear forces that promote particle detachment, successfully limiting particle dimensions to below 200 nm, and preventing the accumulation. Systematic optimization identified optimal parameters: an ideal channel length of 7.5 mm, an applied potential of −0.6 V, and a flow rate of 0.028 µL s−1. These parameters that strike a balance between nanobubble growth and gold deposition kinetics can produce highly uniform BAuNPs with a well-defined open structure and thin solid gold shells, with an outer diameter of 105.3 ± 12.1 nm and a core diameter of 80.1 ± 11.9 nm. These structural parameters successfully shift the plasmonic resonance to 760 nm, which responds perfectly with the first biological window for potential in vivo biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Enhancing the Uniformity of Bowl-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles Using a Dynamic System in an Electrochemical Microfluidic Chip.
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Bowl-shaped gold nanoparticles (BAuNPs) are of significant interest due to their tunable localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties. This report presents a new synthesis method that uses hemispherical hydrogen nanobubbles on planar, non-conducting surfaces as templates for gold shell deposition. Initial synthesis under stagnant conditions yielded non-uniform sub-micron particles, attributed to localized hydrogen concentration gradients. The cyclonic flow was introduced aiming to reduce these gradients, although simultaneously inducing significant particle aggregation, obscuring the open structure. To overcome these challenges, an electrochemical microfluidic system was implemented to create a laminar flow environment. This configuration optimizes ion distribution and introduces shear forces that promote particle detachment, successfully limiting particle dimensions to below 200 nm, and preventing the accumulation. Systematic optimization identified optimal parameters: an ideal channel length of 7.5 mm, an applied potential of −0.6 V, and a flow rate of 0.028 µL s−1. These parameters that strike a balance between nanobubble growth and gold deposition kinetics can produce highly uniform BAuNPs with a well-defined open structure and thin solid gold shells, with an outer diameter of 105.3 ± 12.1 nm and a core diameter of 80.1 ± 11.9 nm. These structural parameters successfully shift the plasmonic resonance to 760 nm, which responds perfectly with the first biological window for potential in vivo biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/nano16100640
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 640
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      – SubjectFull: Gold nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Labs on a chip
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      – SubjectFull: Plasmonics
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      – SubjectFull: Fluid flow
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      – SubjectFull: Microbubbles
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      – SubjectFull: Nanoparticle size
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      – SubjectFull: Electrosynthesis
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      – SubjectFull: Nanotechnology
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      – TitleFull: Enhancing the Uniformity of Bowl-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles Using a Dynamic System in an Electrochemical Microfluidic Chip.
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            NameFull: Khowamnuaychok, Kueakul
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            NameFull: Luangchaisri, Chumphon
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            NameFull: Muangphat, Chivarat
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            – D: 15
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
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              Y: 2026
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