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The Impact of Democracy and Happiness on Environmental Degradation in OECD Countries.

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Title: The Impact of Democracy and Happiness on Environmental Degradation in OECD Countries.
Authors: Barut, Abdulkadir1,2,3 (AUTHOR) kadirbarut@harran.edu.tr, Alofaysan, Hind4 (AUTHOR), Akpınar, Esra Nur5 (AUTHOR), Adıgüzel, Selminaz6 (AUTHOR), Magazzino, Cosimo7,8 (AUTHOR)
Source: Natural Resources Forum. May2026, Vol. 50 Issue 2, p743-758. 16p.
Subjects: Environmental degradation, Happiness, Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development, Demographic characteristics, Technological innovations, Income, Renewable energy sources, Countries, Democracy
Abstract: The objective of this article is to investigate the impact of happiness on environmental degradation utilizing annual data for 36 OECD nations from 2005 to 2021. To achieve this goal, GMM, Driscoll–Kray, and MMQR methodologies were employed. According to the empirical findings, happiness serves as a crucial variable in mitigating environmental degradation. Moreover, the investigation probed into the impact of income, technological advances, democracy, population, and renewable energy consumption on environmental degradation. The outcomes indicate that the EKC hypothesis holds for OECD countries that technological innovations, democracy, and renewable energy consumption have a mitigating impact on environmental degradation. In contrast, population growth, a factor that exacerbates environmental degradation, should be a cause for concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Natural Resources Forum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The Impact of Democracy and Happiness on Environmental Degradation in OECD Countries.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Natural+Resources+Forum%22">Natural Resources Forum</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 50 Issue 2, p743-758. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+degradation%22">Environmental degradation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Happiness%22">Happiness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Organisation+for+Economic+Co-operation+%26+Development%22">Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Demographic+characteristics%22">Demographic characteristics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Technological+innovations%22">Technological innovations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Income%22">Income</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Renewable+energy+sources%22">Renewable energy sources</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Countries%22">Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Democracy%22">Democracy</searchLink>
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  Data: The objective of this article is to investigate the impact of happiness on environmental degradation utilizing annual data for 36 OECD nations from 2005 to 2021. To achieve this goal, GMM, Driscoll–Kray, and MMQR methodologies were employed. According to the empirical findings, happiness serves as a crucial variable in mitigating environmental degradation. Moreover, the investigation probed into the impact of income, technological advances, democracy, population, and renewable energy consumption on environmental degradation. The outcomes indicate that the EKC hypothesis holds for OECD countries that technological innovations, democracy, and renewable energy consumption have a mitigating impact on environmental degradation. In contrast, population growth, a factor that exacerbates environmental degradation, should be a cause for concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Natural Resources Forum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/1477-8947.12592
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 743
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Environmental degradation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Happiness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Demographic characteristics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Technological innovations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Income
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Renewable energy sources
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Democracy
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      – TitleFull: The Impact of Democracy and Happiness on Environmental Degradation in OECD Countries.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Barut, Abdulkadir
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            NameFull: Alofaysan, Hind
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 50
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