Comparative Analysis of Surface Roughness and Geometric Tolerances in Material Extrusion: CPE versus TPU.
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| Title: | Comparative Analysis of Surface Roughness and Geometric Tolerances in Material Extrusion: CPE versus TPU. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Crupano, Walter1 (AUTHOR), Velázquez‐Corral, Eric1 (AUTHOR), Cisa, Isaac1 (AUTHOR), Adrover‐Monserrat, Bàrbara1 (AUTHOR), Llumà, Jordi1 (AUTHOR), Travieso‐Rodriguez, J. Antonio1 (AUTHOR) antonio.travieso@upc.edu |
| Source: | Macromolecular Materials & Engineering. May2026, Vol. 311 Issue 5, p1-24. 24p. |
| Subjects: | Material extrusion, Surface roughness, Experimental design, Thermoplastic elastomers, Polyesters |
| Abstract: | Dimensional variability and inadequate surface quality of parts manufactured via Material Extrusion (MEX) remain the primary obstacles to their full integration into high‐value industrial production lines. Despite the industrial relevance of elastomers and co‐polyesters in functional applications, a critical gap exists in scientific literature regarding systematic comparisons between Co‐polyester (CPE) and Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) under controlled manufacturing conditions. This work presents the first systematic comparison of surface roughness and dimensional tolerances between CPE and TPU fabricated by MEX using a shared response surface Design of Experiments (DOE) framework. The results reveal a robust linear correlation between layer height and Ra roughness for both materials, with Ra values ranging from 2.5 to 14.8 µm. Increasing the number of perimeter walls was found to improve circularity and concentricity tolerances by up to 15%–20%, depending on material stiffness. Notably, TPU exhibited a significantly higher sensitivity to infill percentage variations compared to CPE, attributed to its greater elastic deformation during the measurement process. These findings provide crucial industrial guidelines for material selection and parameter optimization in components where geometric precision and surface finish are determining factors for technical functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Macromolecular Materials & Engineering is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 194164300 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Comparative Analysis of Surface Roughness and Geometric Tolerances in Material Extrusion: CPE versus TPU. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Crupano%2C+Walter%22">Crupano, Walter</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Velázquez‐Corral%2C+Eric%22">Velázquez‐Corral, Eric</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cisa%2C+Isaac%22">Cisa, Isaac</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Adrover‐Monserrat%2C+Bàrbara%22">Adrover‐Monserrat, Bàrbara</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Llumà%2C+Jordi%22">Llumà, Jordi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Travieso‐Rodriguez%2C+J%2E+Antonio%22">Travieso‐Rodriguez, J. Antonio</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> antonio.travieso@upc.edu</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Macromolecular+Materials+%26+Engineering%22">Macromolecular Materials & Engineering</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 311 Issue 5, p1-24. 24p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Material+extrusion%22">Material extrusion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+roughness%22">Surface roughness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experimental+design%22">Experimental design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermoplastic+elastomers%22">Thermoplastic elastomers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polyesters%22">Polyesters</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Dimensional variability and inadequate surface quality of parts manufactured via Material Extrusion (MEX) remain the primary obstacles to their full integration into high‐value industrial production lines. Despite the industrial relevance of elastomers and co‐polyesters in functional applications, a critical gap exists in scientific literature regarding systematic comparisons between Co‐polyester (CPE) and Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) under controlled manufacturing conditions. This work presents the first systematic comparison of surface roughness and dimensional tolerances between CPE and TPU fabricated by MEX using a shared response surface Design of Experiments (DOE) framework. The results reveal a robust linear correlation between layer height and Ra roughness for both materials, with Ra values ranging from 2.5 to 14.8 µm. Increasing the number of perimeter walls was found to improve circularity and concentricity tolerances by up to 15%–20%, depending on material stiffness. Notably, TPU exhibited a significantly higher sensitivity to infill percentage variations compared to CPE, attributed to its greater elastic deformation during the measurement process. These findings provide crucial industrial guidelines for material selection and parameter optimization in components where geometric precision and surface finish are determining factors for technical functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Macromolecular Materials & Engineering is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1002/mame.70221 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 24 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Material extrusion Type: general – SubjectFull: Surface roughness Type: general – SubjectFull: Experimental design Type: general – SubjectFull: Thermoplastic elastomers Type: general – SubjectFull: Polyesters Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Comparative Analysis of Surface Roughness and Geometric Tolerances in Material Extrusion: CPE versus TPU. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Crupano, Walter – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Velázquez‐Corral, Eric – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cisa, Isaac – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Adrover‐Monserrat, Bàrbara – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Llumà, Jordi – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Travieso‐Rodriguez, J. Antonio IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: May2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 14387492 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 311 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Macromolecular Materials & Engineering Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
