Relocation of the 1936 Mojokerto skull discovery site near Perning, East Java
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| Title: | Relocation of the 1936 Mojokerto skull discovery site near Perning, East Java |
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| Authors: | Huffman, O.F.1 huffmanof@mail.utexas.edu, Zaim, Y.2 zaim@gc.itb.ac.id, Kappelman, J.1 jkappelman@mail.utexas.edu, Ruez, D.R.3 ruez@mail.utexas.edu, de Vos, J.4 vos@naturalis.nnm.nl, Rizal, Y.2 yan@gc.itb.ac.id, Aziz, F.5 azizf@bdg.centrin.net.id, Hertler, C.6 c.hertler@zoology.uni-frankfurt.de |
| Source: | Journal of Human Evolution. Apr2006, Vol. 50 Issue 4, p431-451. 21p. |
| Subjects: | Fossil hominids, Calvaria |
| Geographic Terms: | Java (Indonesia), Indonesia |
| Abstract: | Abstract: The fossil calvaria known as the Mojokerto child''s skull was discovered in 1936, but uncertainties have persisted about its paleoenvironmental context and geological age because of difficulties in relocating the discovery site. Past relocation efforts were hindered by inaccuracies in old base maps, intensive post-1930s agricultural terracing, and new tree and brush growth. Fortunately geologic cross sections and site photographs from 1936-1938—not fully utilized in past relocation fieldwork—closely circumscribe site geography and geology. These documents match the conditions at just one sandstone outcrop. It is situated on the southern margin of a topographic nose at the upper end of a ∼18m-wide gully (∼0663760m E, 9183430m N, UTM Zone 49M), ∼15m southeast of the Kumai et al. (1985) relocation. The relocated discovery bed is ∼3.3m of fossiliferous pebbly sandstone, a river-channel deposit cut into tuffaceous mudstone. The sandstone and mudstone beds correspond to original site descriptions. Pebbly sandstone is also found within the skull. The calvaria is well-preserved and taphonomically similar to large and fragile specimens found among several hundred vertebrate fossils excavated from the sandstone in 2001-2002. Since no well-preserved fossils were found intact at the surface of the sandstone, the good condition of the Mojokerto skull suggests that it was buried fully when discovered. The relocated hominin bed is the uppermost fluvial sandstone of a marine-deltaic sequence in the upper Pucangan Formation. The Mojokerto child probably died along the ancient seacoast, judging from the large extent of the deltaic facies and evidence that the calvaria experienced minimal transport. The relocated discovery bed is ∼20m stratigraphically above the horizon from which the widely cited 1.81±0.04Ma 40Ar/39Ar date for the skull (Swisher et al., 1994, Science 263, 1118) was obtained. Additional field and laboratory results will be required to determine the skull''s age. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] |
| Copyright of Journal of Human Evolution is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 20027794 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Relocation of the 1936 Mojokerto skull discovery site near Perning, East Java – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Huffman%2C+O%2EF%2E%22">Huffman, O.F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> huffmanof@mail.utexas.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zaim%2C+Y%2E%22">Zaim, Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> zaim@gc.itb.ac.id</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kappelman%2C+J%2E%22">Kappelman, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> jkappelman@mail.utexas.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ruez%2C+D%2ER%2E%22">Ruez, D.R.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> ruez@mail.utexas.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Vos%2C+J%2E%22">de Vos, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><i> vos@naturalis.nnm.nl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rizal%2C+Y%2E%22">Rizal, Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> yan@gc.itb.ac.id</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aziz%2C+F%2E%22">Aziz, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><i> azizf@bdg.centrin.net.id</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hertler%2C+C%2E%22">Hertler, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><i> c.hertler@zoology.uni-frankfurt.de</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Human+Evolution%22">Journal of Human Evolution</searchLink>. Apr2006, Vol. 50 Issue 4, p431-451. 21p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fossil+hominids%22">Fossil hominids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Calvaria%22">Calvaria</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Java+%28Indonesia%29%22">Java (Indonesia)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Indonesia%22">Indonesia</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Abstract: The fossil calvaria known as the Mojokerto child''s skull was discovered in 1936, but uncertainties have persisted about its paleoenvironmental context and geological age because of difficulties in relocating the discovery site. Past relocation efforts were hindered by inaccuracies in old base maps, intensive post-1930s agricultural terracing, and new tree and brush growth. Fortunately geologic cross sections and site photographs from 1936-1938—not fully utilized in past relocation fieldwork—closely circumscribe site geography and geology. These documents match the conditions at just one sandstone outcrop. It is situated on the southern margin of a topographic nose at the upper end of a ∼18m-wide gully (∼0663760m E, 9183430m N, UTM Zone 49M), ∼15m southeast of the Kumai et al. (1985) relocation. The relocated discovery bed is ∼3.3m of fossiliferous pebbly sandstone, a river-channel deposit cut into tuffaceous mudstone. The sandstone and mudstone beds correspond to original site descriptions. Pebbly sandstone is also found within the skull. The calvaria is well-preserved and taphonomically similar to large and fragile specimens found among several hundred vertebrate fossils excavated from the sandstone in 2001-2002. Since no well-preserved fossils were found intact at the surface of the sandstone, the good condition of the Mojokerto skull suggests that it was buried fully when discovered. The relocated hominin bed is the uppermost fluvial sandstone of a marine-deltaic sequence in the upper Pucangan Formation. The Mojokerto child probably died along the ancient seacoast, judging from the large extent of the deltaic facies and evidence that the calvaria experienced minimal transport. The relocated discovery bed is ∼20m stratigraphically above the horizon from which the widely cited 1.81±0.04Ma 40Ar/39Ar date for the skull (Swisher et al., 1994, Science 263, 1118) was obtained. Additional field and laboratory results will be required to determine the skull''s age. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Human Evolution is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.11.002 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 21 StartPage: 431 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Fossil hominids Type: general – SubjectFull: Calvaria Type: general – SubjectFull: Java (Indonesia) Type: general – SubjectFull: Indonesia Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Relocation of the 1936 Mojokerto skull discovery site near Perning, East Java Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Huffman, O.F. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zaim, Y. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kappelman, J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ruez, D.R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: de Vos, J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Rizal, Y. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Aziz, F. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hertler, C. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 04 Text: Apr2006 Type: published Y: 2006 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00472484 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 50 – Type: issue Value: 4 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Human Evolution Type: main |
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