Electrochemical pneumatic actuators utilising carbon nanotube electrodes
Saved in:
| Title: | Electrochemical pneumatic actuators utilising carbon nanotube electrodes |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Xi, Binbin1, Whitten, Philip G.1, Gestos, Adrian1, Truong, Van-Tan2, Spinks, Geoffrey M.1 gspinks@uow.edu.au, Wallace, Gordon G.1 |
| Source: | Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical. Apr2009, Vol. 138 Issue 1, p48-54. 7p. |
| Subjects: | Actuators, Electrochemical apparatus, Carbon electrodes, Carbon nanotubes, Electrolytes, Laser ablation |
| Abstract: | Abstract: Electrochemical gas generation and consumption at carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes was investigated as a means of powering pneumatic actuators. Two different types of carbon nanotubes were evaluated in a variety of aqueous electrolytes. Chlorine gas generation from aqueous sodium chloride electrolyte was found to be the most suitable system investigated, based on the ability to electrochemically reduce the gas generated. Carbon nanotubes produced by different techniques exhibit different chlorine oxidation and reduction capabilities with HiPCO nanotubes showing a higher electrochemical activity than nanotubes made by the laser ablation method. In a closed electrochemical cell fitted with a pressure transducer, the oxidation of Cl− ions to Cl2 gas was ∼40% efficient based on the charge passed. In contrast, the reduction of Cl2 gas pressure was almost 100% efficient, although the exact mechanisms of gas reduction were complicated by side reactions and kinetic processes. A carbon nanotube electrode of 2.4mm3 was capable of producing 0.5cm3 of gas at atmospheric pressure, or an increase of up to 50kPa in a closed cell depending upon the headspace volume. The work capacity based on the size of the electrode was 5000kJ/m3, which is nearly two orders of magnitude larger than other low voltage electrochemical actuators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] |
| Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
|---|---|
| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 37573706 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
| IllustrationInfo | |
| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Electrochemical pneumatic actuators utilising carbon nanotube electrodes – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xi%2C+Binbin%22">Xi, Binbin</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Whitten%2C+Philip+G%2E%22">Whitten, Philip G.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gestos%2C+Adrian%22">Gestos, Adrian</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Truong%2C+Van-Tan%22">Truong, Van-Tan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Spinks%2C+Geoffrey+M%2E%22">Spinks, Geoffrey M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> gspinks@uow.edu.au</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wallace%2C+Gordon+G%2E%22">Wallace, Gordon G.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Sensors+%26+Actuators+B%3A+Chemical%22">Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical</searchLink>. Apr2009, Vol. 138 Issue 1, p48-54. 7p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Actuators%22">Actuators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrochemical+apparatus%22">Electrochemical apparatus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+electrodes%22">Carbon electrodes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+nanotubes%22">Carbon nanotubes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrolytes%22">Electrolytes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laser+ablation%22">Laser ablation</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Abstract: Electrochemical gas generation and consumption at carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes was investigated as a means of powering pneumatic actuators. Two different types of carbon nanotubes were evaluated in a variety of aqueous electrolytes. Chlorine gas generation from aqueous sodium chloride electrolyte was found to be the most suitable system investigated, based on the ability to electrochemically reduce the gas generated. Carbon nanotubes produced by different techniques exhibit different chlorine oxidation and reduction capabilities with HiPCO nanotubes showing a higher electrochemical activity than nanotubes made by the laser ablation method. In a closed electrochemical cell fitted with a pressure transducer, the oxidation of Cl− ions to Cl2 gas was ∼40% efficient based on the charge passed. In contrast, the reduction of Cl2 gas pressure was almost 100% efficient, although the exact mechanisms of gas reduction were complicated by side reactions and kinetic processes. A carbon nanotube electrode of 2.4mm3 was capable of producing 0.5cm3 of gas at atmospheric pressure, or an increase of up to 50kPa in a closed cell depending upon the headspace volume. The work capacity based on the size of the electrode was 5000kJ/m3, which is nearly two orders of magnitude larger than other low voltage electrochemical actuators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=37573706 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.snb.2008.12.067 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 7 StartPage: 48 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Actuators Type: general – SubjectFull: Electrochemical apparatus Type: general – SubjectFull: Carbon electrodes Type: general – SubjectFull: Carbon nanotubes Type: general – SubjectFull: Electrolytes Type: general – SubjectFull: Laser ablation Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Electrochemical pneumatic actuators utilising carbon nanotube electrodes Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Xi, Binbin – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Whitten, Philip G. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Gestos, Adrian – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Truong, Van-Tan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Spinks, Geoffrey M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wallace, Gordon G. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 24 M: 04 Text: Apr2009 Type: published Y: 2009 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09254005 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 138 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
