Use of PIXE–PIGE under variable incident angle for ancient glass corrosion measurements

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Title: Use of PIXE–PIGE under variable incident angle for ancient glass corrosion measurements
Authors: Weber, G.1 g.weber@ulg.ac.be, Strivay, D.2, Martinot, L.2, Garnir, H.P.1
Source: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B. Apr2002, Vol. 189 Issue 1-4, p350. 8p.
Subjects: Glass, Corrosion & anti-corrosives, Proton-induced X-ray emission
Abstract: Although glass is usually considered as a very stable archaeological material, it can undergo severe degradation. Soda-lime glass, the most common glass throughout ancient times, is particularly sensitive to this problem. The glass surface absorbs moisture from its environment and the contact with CO2 causes Na2O and NaOH to convert to Na2CO3, which is extremely hygroscopic. The subsequent unstable glass layer can be leached out and causes decomposition of the glass. The non-destructive PIGE–PIXE method of investigation allows detection of this phenomenon even if no visible effect appears. The variable incident angle method is able to discern the depth of the degradation. One aim of such studies is the possible dating or at least fake detecting of archaeological materials. Furthermore, even objects of large size can be investigated with the atmospheric PIGE–PIXE set-up. Some examples of measurements on ancient glass are given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Use of PIXE–PIGE under variable incident angle for ancient glass corrosion measurements
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nuclear+Instruments+%26+Methods+in+Physics+Research+Section+B%22">Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B</searchLink>. Apr2002, Vol. 189 Issue 1-4, p350. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glass%22">Glass</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corrosion+%26+anti-corrosives%22">Corrosion & anti-corrosives</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Proton-induced+X-ray+emission%22">Proton-induced X-ray emission</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Although glass is usually considered as a very stable archaeological material, it can undergo severe degradation. Soda-lime glass, the most common glass throughout ancient times, is particularly sensitive to this problem. The glass surface absorbs moisture from its environment and the contact with <f>CO2</f> causes <f>Na2O</f> and NaOH to convert to <f>Na2CO3</f>, which is extremely hygroscopic. The subsequent unstable glass layer can be leached out and causes decomposition of the glass. The non-destructive PIGE–PIXE method of investigation allows detection of this phenomenon even if no visible effect appears. The variable incident angle method is able to discern the depth of the degradation. One aim of such studies is the possible dating or at least fake detecting of archaeological materials. Furthermore, even objects of large size can be investigated with the atmospheric PIGE–PIXE set-up. Some examples of measurements on ancient glass are given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/S0168-583X(01)01085-0
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Corrosion & anti-corrosives
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      – SubjectFull: Proton-induced X-ray emission
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              Text: Apr2002
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              Y: 2002
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