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Short-Term Memory, Inhibition, and Attention in Developmental Stuttering: A Meta-Analysis.

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Title: Short-Term Memory, Inhibition, and Attention in Developmental Stuttering: A Meta-Analysis.
Authors: Ofoe, Levi C.1 Lcofoe@indiana.edu, Anderson, Julie D.1, Ntourou, Katerina1,2
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Jul2018, Vol. 61 Issue 7, p1626-1648. 23p. 2 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subject Terms: *Child development, *Attention, *ERIC (Information retrieval system), *Information storage & retrieval systems, *Memory, *Stuttering, Stuttering in children, Short-term memory in children, Inhibition in children, Attention in children, Random effects model, Executive function, Meta-analysis, Confidence intervals, Medical databases, Psychology information storage & retrieval systems, MEDLINE, Online information services, Research funding, Systematic reviews, Effect sizes (Statistics), Data analysis software, Descriptive statistics
Abstract: Purpose: This study presents a meta-analytic review of differences in verbal short-term memory, inhibition, and attention between children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS). Method: Electronic databases and reference sections of articles were searched for candidate studies that examined verbal short-term memory, inhibition, and attention using behavioral and/or parent report measures. Twenty-nine studies met the eligibility criteria, which included, among other things, children between the ages of 3 and 18 years and the availability of quantitative data for effect size calculations. Data were extracted, coded, and analyzed, with the magnitude of the difference between the 2 groups of children being estimated using Hedge's g (Hedges & Olkin, 1985). Results: Based on the random-effects model (Hunter & Schmidt, 2004), findings revealed that CWS scored lower than CWNS on measures of nonword repetition (Hedges' g = -0.62), particularly at lengths of 2 and 3 syllables (Hedges' g = -0.62 and -0.50, respectively), and forward span (Hedges' g = -0.40). Analyses further revealed that the parents of CWS rated their children as having weaker inhibition (Hedges' g = -0.44) and attentional focus/ persistence (Hedges' g = -0.36) skills than the parents of CWNS, but there were no significant differences between CWS and CWNS in behavioral measures of inhibition and attention. Conclusion: The present findings were taken to suggest that cognitive processes are important variables associated with developmental stuttering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Short-Term Memory, Inhibition, and Attention in Developmental Stuttering: A Meta-Analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ofoe%2C+Levi+C%2E%22">Ofoe, Levi C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> Lcofoe@indiana.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anderson%2C+Julie+D%2E%22">Anderson, Julie D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ntourou%2C+Katerina%22">Ntourou, Katerina</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Jul2018, Vol. 61 Issue 7, p1626-1648. 23p. 2 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+development%22">Child development</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention%22">Attention</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ERIC+%28Information+retrieval+system%29%22">ERIC (Information retrieval system)</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Information+storage+%26+retrieval+systems%22">Information storage & retrieval systems</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Memory%22">Memory</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stuttering%22">Stuttering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stuttering+in+children%22">Stuttering in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Short-term+memory+in+children%22">Short-term memory in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Inhibition+in+children%22">Inhibition in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention+in+children%22">Attention in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Random+effects+model%22">Random effects model</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Executive+function%22">Executive function</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Meta-analysis%22">Meta-analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+databases%22">Medical databases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+information+storage+%26+retrieval+systems%22">Psychology information storage & retrieval systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MEDLINE%22">MEDLINE</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Online+information+services%22">Online information services</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Systematic+reviews%22">Systematic reviews</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Effect+sizes+%28Statistics%29%22">Effect sizes (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: This study presents a meta-analytic review of differences in verbal short-term memory, inhibition, and attention between children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS). Method: Electronic databases and reference sections of articles were searched for candidate studies that examined verbal short-term memory, inhibition, and attention using behavioral and/or parent report measures. Twenty-nine studies met the eligibility criteria, which included, among other things, children between the ages of 3 and 18 years and the availability of quantitative data for effect size calculations. Data were extracted, coded, and analyzed, with the magnitude of the difference between the 2 groups of children being estimated using Hedge's g (Hedges & Olkin, 1985). Results: Based on the random-effects model (Hunter & Schmidt, 2004), findings revealed that CWS scored lower than CWNS on measures of nonword repetition (Hedges' g = -0.62), particularly at lengths of 2 and 3 syllables (Hedges' g = -0.62 and -0.50, respectively), and forward span (Hedges' g = -0.40). Analyses further revealed that the parents of CWS rated their children as having weaker inhibition (Hedges' g = -0.44) and attentional focus/ persistence (Hedges' g = -0.36) skills than the parents of CWNS, but there were no significant differences between CWS and CWNS in behavioral measures of inhibition and attention. Conclusion: The present findings were taken to suggest that cognitive processes are important variables associated with developmental stuttering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=130697755
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        Value: 10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-17-0372
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 23
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      – SubjectFull: Child development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attention
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      – SubjectFull: ERIC (Information retrieval system)
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      – SubjectFull: Inhibition in children
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      – TitleFull: Short-Term Memory, Inhibition, and Attention in Developmental Stuttering: A Meta-Analysis.
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              Text: Jul2018
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