Short-Term Memory, Inhibition, and Attention in Developmental Stuttering: A Meta-Analysis.
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| Title: | Short-Term Memory, Inhibition, and Attention in Developmental Stuttering: A Meta-Analysis. |
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| Authors: | Ofoe, Levi C.1 Lcofoe@indiana.edu, Anderson, Julie D.1, Ntourou, Katerina1,2 |
| Source: | Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Jul2018, Vol. 61 Issue 7, p1626-1648. 23p. 2 Charts, 2 Graphs. |
| Subject Terms: | *Child development, *Attention, *ERIC (Information retrieval system), *Information storage & retrieval systems, *Memory, *Stuttering, Stuttering in children, Short-term memory in children, Inhibition in children, Attention in children, Random effects model, Executive function, Meta-analysis, Confidence intervals, Medical databases, Psychology information storage & retrieval systems, MEDLINE, Online information services, Research funding, Systematic reviews, Effect sizes (Statistics), Data analysis software, Descriptive statistics |
| Abstract: | Purpose: This study presents a meta-analytic review of differences in verbal short-term memory, inhibition, and attention between children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS). Method: Electronic databases and reference sections of articles were searched for candidate studies that examined verbal short-term memory, inhibition, and attention using behavioral and/or parent report measures. Twenty-nine studies met the eligibility criteria, which included, among other things, children between the ages of 3 and 18 years and the availability of quantitative data for effect size calculations. Data were extracted, coded, and analyzed, with the magnitude of the difference between the 2 groups of children being estimated using Hedge's g (Hedges & Olkin, 1985). Results: Based on the random-effects model (Hunter & Schmidt, 2004), findings revealed that CWS scored lower than CWNS on measures of nonword repetition (Hedges' g = -0.62), particularly at lengths of 2 and 3 syllables (Hedges' g = -0.62 and -0.50, respectively), and forward span (Hedges' g = -0.40). Analyses further revealed that the parents of CWS rated their children as having weaker inhibition (Hedges' g = -0.44) and attentional focus/ persistence (Hedges' g = -0.36) skills than the parents of CWNS, but there were no significant differences between CWS and CWNS in behavioral measures of inhibition and attention. Conclusion: The present findings were taken to suggest that cognitive processes are important variables associated with developmental stuttering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Education Research Complete |
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