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Neighborhoods, Schools, and Adolescent Violence: Ecological Relative Deprivation, Disadvantage Saturation, or Cumulative Disadvantage?

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Title: Neighborhoods, Schools, and Adolescent Violence: Ecological Relative Deprivation, Disadvantage Saturation, or Cumulative Disadvantage?
Authors: Pinchak, Nicolo P.1,2 (AUTHOR) pinchak.5@osu.edu, Swisher, Raymond R.3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Youth & Adolescence. Feb2022, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p261-277. 17p. 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subject Terms: *Schools, Neighborhoods, Youth violence, Socioeconomic factors, Poor teenagers, Relative deprivation, Social marginality, Violence, Hypothesis, Descriptive statistics, Residential patterns
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: Neighborhood and school socioeconomic "disadvantage" are consequential for youth violence perpetration. This study considers alternative ecological cumulative disadvantage, disadvantage saturation, and relative deprivation hypotheses regarding how the association between neighborhood disadvantage and violence varies by levels of socioeconomic disadvantage in schools. These hypotheses are tested with data from Wave I of Add Health (n = 15,581; 51% Female; Age mean = 15.67, SD = 1.74). Cross-classified multilevel Rasch models are used to estimate the interaction between neighborhood and school disadvantage in predicting adolescent violence. Consistent with the ecological relative deprivation hypothesis, results indicate that the association between neighborhood disadvantage and violence is most pronounced among youth attending low-disadvantage schools. Further, youth exposed to high-disadvantage neighborhoods and low-disadvantage schools tend to be at the greatest risk of perpetrating violence. These patterns are evident among both males and females, and particularly among older youth and those from low-parent education families. This study motivates future investigations considering how adolescents' experiences beyond the neighborhood shape how they engage with and experience the effects of their neighborhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Youth & Adolescence is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Neighborhoods, Schools, and Adolescent Violence: Ecological Relative Deprivation, Disadvantage Saturation, or Cumulative Disadvantage?
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Youth+%26+Adolescence%22">Journal of Youth & Adolescence</searchLink>. Feb2022, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p261-277. 17p. 3 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Schools%22">Schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neighborhoods%22">Neighborhoods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Youth+violence%22">Youth violence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Socioeconomic+factors%22">Socioeconomic factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Poor+teenagers%22">Poor teenagers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Relative+deprivation%22">Relative deprivation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+marginality%22">Social marginality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Violence%22">Violence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hypothesis%22">Hypothesis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Residential+patterns%22">Residential patterns</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Neighborhood and school socioeconomic "disadvantage" are consequential for youth violence perpetration. This study considers alternative ecological cumulative disadvantage, disadvantage saturation, and relative deprivation hypotheses regarding how the association between neighborhood disadvantage and violence varies by levels of socioeconomic disadvantage in schools. These hypotheses are tested with data from Wave I of Add Health (n = 15,581; 51% Female; Age mean = 15.67, SD = 1.74). Cross-classified multilevel Rasch models are used to estimate the interaction between neighborhood and school disadvantage in predicting adolescent violence. Consistent with the ecological relative deprivation hypothesis, results indicate that the association between neighborhood disadvantage and violence is most pronounced among youth attending low-disadvantage schools. Further, youth exposed to high-disadvantage neighborhoods and low-disadvantage schools tend to be at the greatest risk of perpetrating violence. These patterns are evident among both males and females, and particularly among older youth and those from low-parent education families. This study motivates future investigations considering how adolescents' experiences beyond the neighborhood shape how they engage with and experience the effects of their neighborhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Youth & Adolescence is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10964-021-01551-8
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 261
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Schools
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neighborhoods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Youth violence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Socioeconomic factors
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      – SubjectFull: Poor teenagers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Relative deprivation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social marginality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Violence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hypothesis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Residential patterns
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: United States
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Neighborhoods, Schools, and Adolescent Violence: Ecological Relative Deprivation, Disadvantage Saturation, or Cumulative Disadvantage?
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            NameFull: Pinchak, Nicolo P.
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            NameFull: Swisher, Raymond R.
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            – D: 01
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              Text: Feb2022
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              Y: 2022
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