Could the Technology for Adaptive Learning Systems Come out of GBL?

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Title: Could the Technology for Adaptive Learning Systems Come out of GBL?
Authors: Moffat, David1 d.c.moffat@gcu.ac.uk, Shabalina, Olga2 o.a.shabalina@gmail.com, Khairov, Aleksander2 sasha-hairov@mail.ru
Source: Proceedings of the European Conference on Games Based Learning. 2023, p418-425. 8p.
Subject Terms: *School children, *Artificial intelligence, *Educational games, *Design students, Digital technology
Abstract: Games based learning (GBL) has a related field that it can draw upon: intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). A common concern in both fields is adaptivity, whereby the system can automatically adapt to the user. In order to support this adaptation, an ITS will generally include a user model and may also have a formal domain model. Work in this area started optimistically some years ago, but seems to have either lost some of that initial enthusiasm or been diverted into other directions. We scan recent ITS literature to help consider why this might be, and suggest how GBL may be the field best placed to take the work forward again. Learner models have long been seen as useful for adaptive learning systems. They include information about the learner which allows the system to adapt the course of learning materials and exercises to the learner's particular characteristics. In order to achieve a good quality of adaptation to the user, a detailed model of the required domain knowledge is typically added. The user and domain models then have to be brought together to lay out a course of exercises for the learner to do, and to track progress as the knowledge is learned. It's an attractive research programme, but recent work has moved to new issues, such as MOOCs. The reasons for that are partly opportunistic and economical, but also suggest a deeper problem with the research programme. It is a costly task to develop a domain model, and a suitable learner model that can take advantage of it. We suggest that GBL is in a good position to push through this cost barrier, because much of the effort is already implicitly involved in the game design process, which typically has to be more rigorously planned out in order to make the game a good one. One might thus expect the next breakthroughs in adaptive learning systems to come from GBL. We further argue that the advantages to research, offered by the ITS framework, are also potentially beneficial to the way we teach the subject of GBL to our students on game development courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Proceedings of the European Conference on Games Based Learning is the property of Academic Conferences & Publishing International Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Could the Technology for Adaptive Learning Systems Come out of GBL?
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moffat%2C+David%22">Moffat, David</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> d.c.moffat@gcu.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shabalina%2C+Olga%22">Shabalina, Olga</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> o.a.shabalina@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khairov%2C+Aleksander%22">Khairov, Aleksander</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> sasha-hairov@mail.ru</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Proceedings+of+the+European+Conference+on+Games+Based+Learning%22">Proceedings of the European Conference on Games Based Learning</searchLink>. 2023, p418-425. 8p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+children%22">School children</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Artificial+intelligence%22">Artificial intelligence</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+games%22">Educational games</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Design+students%22">Design students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Digital+technology%22">Digital technology</searchLink>
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  Data: Games based learning (GBL) has a related field that it can draw upon: intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). A common concern in both fields is adaptivity, whereby the system can automatically adapt to the user. In order to support this adaptation, an ITS will generally include a user model and may also have a formal domain model. Work in this area started optimistically some years ago, but seems to have either lost some of that initial enthusiasm or been diverted into other directions. We scan recent ITS literature to help consider why this might be, and suggest how GBL may be the field best placed to take the work forward again. Learner models have long been seen as useful for adaptive learning systems. They include information about the learner which allows the system to adapt the course of learning materials and exercises to the learner's particular characteristics. In order to achieve a good quality of adaptation to the user, a detailed model of the required domain knowledge is typically added. The user and domain models then have to be brought together to lay out a course of exercises for the learner to do, and to track progress as the knowledge is learned. It's an attractive research programme, but recent work has moved to new issues, such as MOOCs. The reasons for that are partly opportunistic and economical, but also suggest a deeper problem with the research programme. It is a costly task to develop a domain model, and a suitable learner model that can take advantage of it. We suggest that GBL is in a good position to push through this cost barrier, because much of the effort is already implicitly involved in the game design process, which typically has to be more rigorously planned out in order to make the game a good one. One might thus expect the next breakthroughs in adaptive learning systems to come from GBL. We further argue that the advantages to research, offered by the ITS framework, are also potentially beneficial to the way we teach the subject of GBL to our students on game development courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Proceedings of the European Conference on Games Based Learning is the property of Academic Conferences & Publishing International Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.34190/ecgbl.17.1.1907
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 418
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: School children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Artificial intelligence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational games
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Design students
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      – SubjectFull: Digital technology
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      – TitleFull: Could the Technology for Adaptive Learning Systems Come out of GBL?
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            NameFull: Shabalina, Olga
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: 2023
              Type: published
              Y: 2023
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