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Verb Vocabulary Supports Event Probability Use in Developmental Language Disorder.

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Title: Verb Vocabulary Supports Event Probability Use in Developmental Language Disorder.
Authors: Kueser, Justin B.1 justin.kueser@boystown.org, Borovsky, Arielle2, Deevy, Patricia2, Muezzinoglu, Mine2, Outzen, Claney2, Leonard, Laurence B.2
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. May2024, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p1490-1513. 24p.
Subject Terms: *Comparative grammar, *Phonological awareness, *Language disorders, *Achievement tests, *Vocabulary, *Learning strategies, *Hearing, Graphic arts, Research funding, Probability theory, Descriptive statistics, Child development deviations, Latent semantic analysis, Confidence intervals
Abstract: Purpose: Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) tend to interpret noncanonical sentences like passives using event probability (EP) information regardless of structure (e.g., by interpreting “The dog was chased by the squirrel” as “The dog chased the squirrel”). Verbs are a major source of EP information in adults and children with typical development (TD), who know that “chase” implies an unequal relationship among participants. Individuals with DLD have poor verb knowledge and verb-based sentence processing. Yet, they also appear to rely more on EP information than their peers. This paradox raises two questions: (a) How do children with DLD use verb-based EP information alongside other information in online passive sentence interpretation? (b) How does verb vocabulary knowledge support EP information use? Method: We created novel EP biases by showing animations of agents with consistent action tendencies (e.g., clumsy vs. helpful actions). We then used eye tracking to examine how this EP information was used during online passive sentence processing. Participants were 4- to 5-year-old children with DLD (n = 20) and same-age peers with TD (n = 20). Results: In Experiment 1, children with DLD quickly integrated verb-based EP information with morphosyntax close to the verb but failed to do so with distant morphosyntax. In Experiment 2, the quality of children’s sentence-specific verb vocabulary knowledge was positively associated with the use of EP information in both groups. Conclusion: Depending on the morphosyntactic context, children with DLD and TD used EP information differently, but verb vocabulary knowledge aided its use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Verb Vocabulary Supports Event Probability Use in Developmental Language Disorder.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kueser%2C+Justin+B%2E%22">Kueser, Justin B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> justin.kueser@boystown.org</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Borovsky%2C+Arielle%22">Borovsky, Arielle</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deevy%2C+Patricia%22">Deevy, Patricia</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muezzinoglu%2C+Mine%22">Muezzinoglu, Mine</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Outzen%2C+Claney%22">Outzen, Claney</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Leonard%2C+Laurence+B%2E%22">Leonard, Laurence B.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. May2024, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p1490-1513. 24p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Purpose: Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) tend to interpret noncanonical sentences like passives using event probability (EP) information regardless of structure (e.g., by interpreting “The dog was chased by the squirrel” as “The dog chased the squirrel”). Verbs are a major source of EP information in adults and children with typical development (TD), who know that “chase” implies an unequal relationship among participants. Individuals with DLD have poor verb knowledge and verb-based sentence processing. Yet, they also appear to rely more on EP information than their peers. This paradox raises two questions: (a) How do children with DLD use verb-based EP information alongside other information in online passive sentence interpretation? (b) How does verb vocabulary knowledge support EP information use? Method: We created novel EP biases by showing animations of agents with consistent action tendencies (e.g., clumsy vs. helpful actions). We then used eye tracking to examine how this EP information was used during online passive sentence processing. Participants were 4- to 5-year-old children with DLD (n = 20) and same-age peers with TD (n = 20). Results: In Experiment 1, children with DLD quickly integrated verb-based EP information with morphosyntax close to the verb but failed to do so with distant morphosyntax. In Experiment 2, the quality of children’s sentence-specific verb vocabulary knowledge was positively associated with the use of EP information in both groups. Conclusion: Depending on the morphosyntactic context, children with DLD and TD used EP information differently, but verb vocabulary knowledge aided its use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00600
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