'If the School Does Not Provide What I Expect, I Have to Supply It From Other Sources': Czech Parents' Dissatisfaction as a Driver of Shadow Education.

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Title: 'If the School Does Not Provide What I Expect, I Have to Supply It From Other Sources': Czech Parents' Dissatisfaction as a Driver of Shadow Education.
Authors: Šťastný, Vít1 (AUTHOR) vit.stastny@pedf.cuni.cz
Source: European Journal of Education. Mar2025, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p1-11. 11p.
Subject Terms: *Classroom environment, *Automobile driver education, *School environment, *School size, *Parents
Geographic Terms: Czech Republic
Abstract: Shadow education (various forms or types of private supplementary tutoring) and its implications and determinants have been explored by the scholarly literature, yet gaps remain in the understanding of its complex relationships with mainstream schooling in various national settings. This study reduces one of these gaps by scrutinising the role of parental dissatisfaction, exploring which aspects of schooling make dissatisfied parents consider procuring private supplementary tutoring for their children. Data for the qualitative study were gathered through individual, semistructured, in‐depth interviews with 65 Czech parents. A maximum‐variation sampling strategy was employed to gain insights from parents with different backgrounds and life situations. Parents who sought private tutoring because of their dissatisfaction with schooling listed a large array of school‐related causes that triggered their decision. These were related to classroom instruction (e.g., inappropriate curriculum, grade inflation in student assessment), classroom organisation (e.g., unfavourable disciplinary climate and classroom composition), school communication (e.g., late teacher feedback on students' performance) and general school culture (e.g., unfavourable student–teacher relationships). The study has implications for teachers, schools and relatedly also policymakers by showing how their (in)actions and ignorance towards the quality of the service they offer may nurture the demand for private tutoring, which in turn may undermine their efforts to mitigate educational inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Education is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Education%22">European Journal of Education</searchLink>. Mar2025, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p1-11. 11p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Classroom+environment%22">Classroom environment</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Automobile+driver+education%22">Automobile driver education</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+environment%22">School environment</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+size%22">School size</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parents%22">Parents</searchLink>
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  Data: Shadow education (various forms or types of private supplementary tutoring) and its implications and determinants have been explored by the scholarly literature, yet gaps remain in the understanding of its complex relationships with mainstream schooling in various national settings. This study reduces one of these gaps by scrutinising the role of parental dissatisfaction, exploring which aspects of schooling make dissatisfied parents consider procuring private supplementary tutoring for their children. Data for the qualitative study were gathered through individual, semistructured, in‐depth interviews with 65 Czech parents. A maximum‐variation sampling strategy was employed to gain insights from parents with different backgrounds and life situations. Parents who sought private tutoring because of their dissatisfaction with schooling listed a large array of school‐related causes that triggered their decision. These were related to classroom instruction (e.g., inappropriate curriculum, grade inflation in student assessment), classroom organisation (e.g., unfavourable disciplinary climate and classroom composition), school communication (e.g., late teacher feedback on students' performance) and general school culture (e.g., unfavourable student–teacher relationships). The study has implications for teachers, schools and relatedly also policymakers by showing how their (in)actions and ignorance towards the quality of the service they offer may nurture the demand for private tutoring, which in turn may undermine their efforts to mitigate educational inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Education is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/ejed.70029
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Automobile driver education
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      – SubjectFull: School environment
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      – SubjectFull: School size
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      – SubjectFull: Parents
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              Text: Mar2025
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