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Effects of Fundamental Frequency and Vocal Tract Resonance on Sentence Recognition in Noise.

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Title: Effects of Fundamental Frequency and Vocal Tract Resonance on Sentence Recognition in Noise.
Authors: Jing Yang1, A. Xianhui Wang1, Victoria Costa1, Li Xu1
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Jun2025, Vol. 68 Issue 6, p3011-3022. 12p.
Subject Terms: *Intelligibility of speech, *Speech perception, *Auditory perception, *Comparative studies, Vocal cords, Automatic speech recognition, T-test (Statistics), Logistic regression analysis, Sex distribution, Descriptive statistics, Physiological aspects of speech, Nose, Psychometrics, Acoustic stimulation, Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)
Abstract: Purpose: This study examined the effects of change in a talker's sex-related acoustic properties (fundamental frequency [F0] and vocal tract resonance [VTR]) on speech recognition in noise. Method: The stimuli were Hearing in Noise Test sentences, with the F0 and VTR of the original male talker manipulated into four conditions: low F0 and low VTR (LF0LVTR; i.e., the original recordings), low F0 and high VTR (LF0HVTR), high F0 and high VTR (HF0HVTR), and high F0 and low VTR (HF0LVTR). The listeners were 42 English-speaking, normal-hearing adults (21--31 years old). The sentences mixed with speech spectrum--shaped noise at various signal-to-noise ratios (i.e., -10, -5, 0, and +5 dB) were presented to the listeners for recognition. Results: The results revealed no significant differences between the HF0HVTR and LF0LVTR conditions in sentence recognition performance and the estimated speech reception thresholds (SRTs). However, in the HF0LVTR and LF0HVTR conditions, the recognition performance was reduced, and the listeners showed significantly higher SRTs relative to those in the HF0HVTR and LF0LVTR conditions. Conclusion: These findings indicate that male and female voices with matched F0 and VTR (e.g., LF0LVTR and HF0HVTR) yield equivalent speech recognition in noise, whereas voices with mismatched F0 and VTR may reduce intelligibility in noisy environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
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  Data: Effects of Fundamental Frequency and Vocal Tract Resonance on Sentence Recognition in Noise.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jing+Yang%22">Jing Yang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22A%2E+Xianhui+Wang%22">A. Xianhui Wang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Victoria+Costa%22">Victoria Costa</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li+Xu%22">Li Xu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 68 Issue 6, p3011-3022. 12p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intelligibility+of+speech%22">Intelligibility of speech</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+perception%22">Speech perception</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+perception%22">Auditory perception</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vocal+cords%22">Vocal cords</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Automatic+speech+recognition%22">Automatic speech recognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T-test+%28Statistics%29%22">T-test (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Logistic+regression+analysis%22">Logistic regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+distribution%22">Sex distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiological+aspects+of+speech%22">Physiological aspects of speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nose%22">Nose</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychometrics%22">Psychometrics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acoustic+stimulation%22">Acoustic stimulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sensitivity+%26+specificity+%28Statistics%29%22">Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: This study examined the effects of change in a talker's sex-related acoustic properties (fundamental frequency [F0] and vocal tract resonance [VTR]) on speech recognition in noise. Method: The stimuli were Hearing in Noise Test sentences, with the F0 and VTR of the original male talker manipulated into four conditions: low F0 and low VTR (LF0LVTR; i.e., the original recordings), low F0 and high VTR (LF0HVTR), high F0 and high VTR (HF0HVTR), and high F0 and low VTR (HF0LVTR). The listeners were 42 English-speaking, normal-hearing adults (21--31 years old). The sentences mixed with speech spectrum--shaped noise at various signal-to-noise ratios (i.e., -10, -5, 0, and +5 dB) were presented to the listeners for recognition. Results: The results revealed no significant differences between the HF0HVTR and LF0LVTR conditions in sentence recognition performance and the estimated speech reception thresholds (SRTs). However, in the HF0LVTR and LF0HVTR conditions, the recognition performance was reduced, and the listeners showed significantly higher SRTs relative to those in the HF0HVTR and LF0LVTR conditions. Conclusion: These findings indicate that male and female voices with matched F0 and VTR (e.g., LF0LVTR and HF0HVTR) yield equivalent speech recognition in noise, whereas voices with mismatched F0 and VTR may reduce intelligibility in noisy environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00758
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 3011
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Intelligibility of speech
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Auditory perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vocal cords
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Automatic speech recognition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: T-test (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Logistic regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physiological aspects of speech
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nose
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychometrics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acoustic stimulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Effects of Fundamental Frequency and Vocal Tract Resonance on Sentence Recognition in Noise.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Jing Yang
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            NameFull: A. Xianhui Wang
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Victoria Costa
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Li Xu
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 68
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research
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