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National identity and multilingualism: a survey of Chinese Mongolian university students.

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Title: National identity and multilingualism: a survey of Chinese Mongolian university students.
Authors: Wei, Rining1 Rining.Wei@xjtlu.edu.cn
Source: Journal of Multilingual & Multicultural Development. Dec2025, Vol. 46 Issue 10, p3363-3380. 18p.
Subject Terms: *Multilingualism, *College students, *Language ability, Nationalism, Mongolian students
Abstract: In the field of multilingualism, limited research has explored the link between language proficiency and national identity, although the key role of language in the national identity (NI) formation has been acknowledged in other fields (e.g. sociology) over the past five decades. Aiming to narrow this gap, the present study examined Chinese Mongolian students' NI and the influence from multilingualism (operationalised as self-rated proficiency in respectively Putonghua and English, their L2 and L3) and other sociobiographical variables (e.g. gender). NI was measured with a questionnaire item designed to gauge this construct that has been used in the latest waves of the Chinese Social Survey (CSS), a longitudinal nation-wide survey in China. The participants (N = 586) achieved a mean score of 4.26 (out of five) with the bootstrapped 95% confidence interval [4.20–4.32], indicating a high level of NI. Regression analyses showed that the two measures of multilingualism, attitudes respectively toward Putonghua, English, and trilingualism, and other sociobiographical variables influenced NI to different degrees. Calls for more comprehensive data concerning NI in multilingualism research and for more robust statistics (e.g. fuller use of effect size) were made. Policy implications vis-à-vis cultivating multilingualism among ethnic minorities were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Multilingual & Multicultural Development is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: National identity and multilingualism: a survey of Chinese Mongolian university students.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wei%2C+Rining%22">Wei, Rining</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> Rining.Wei@xjtlu.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Multilingual+%26+Multicultural+Development%22">Journal of Multilingual & Multicultural Development</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 46 Issue 10, p3363-3380. 18p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multilingualism%22">Multilingualism</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+students%22">College students</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+ability%22">Language ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nationalism%22">Nationalism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mongolian+students%22">Mongolian students</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: In the field of multilingualism, limited research has explored the link between language proficiency and national identity, although the key role of language in the national identity (NI) formation has been acknowledged in other fields (e.g. sociology) over the past five decades. Aiming to narrow this gap, the present study examined Chinese Mongolian students' NI and the influence from multilingualism (operationalised as self-rated proficiency in respectively Putonghua and English, their L2 and L3) and other sociobiographical variables (e.g. gender). NI was measured with a questionnaire item designed to gauge this construct that has been used in the latest waves of the Chinese Social Survey (CSS), a longitudinal nation-wide survey in China. The participants (N = 586) achieved a mean score of 4.26 (out of five) with the bootstrapped 95% confidence interval [4.20–4.32], indicating a high level of NI. Regression analyses showed that the two measures of multilingualism, attitudes respectively toward Putonghua, English, and trilingualism, and other sociobiographical variables influenced NI to different degrees. Calls for more comprehensive data concerning NI in multilingualism research and for more robust statistics (e.g. fuller use of effect size) were made. Policy implications vis-à-vis cultivating multilingualism among ethnic minorities were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Multilingual & Multicultural Development is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/01434632.2023.2193574
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Multilingualism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: College students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language ability
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      – SubjectFull: Nationalism
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      – SubjectFull: Mongolian students
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              Text: Dec2025
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