The evaluation of concept map recomposition order and its effect on learning outcomes.

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Title: The evaluation of concept map recomposition order and its effect on learning outcomes.
Authors: Rismanto, Ridwan1,2 rismanto@polinema.ac.id, Hayashi, Yusuke2, Hirashima, Tsukasa2
Source: Research & Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning. 2026, Vol. 21, p1-27. 27p.
Subject Terms: *Concept mapping, *Reading comprehension, *Active learning, *Educational outcomes, *Educational support, *Science education, Knowledge representation (Information theory)
Abstract: Concept map serves as a visual tool in education, facilitating the organization and representation of knowledge. Concept map recomposition activity, which is a kind of concept map building activity, has been shown to promote meaningful learning and enhance reading comprehension. In this process, the teacher creates an expert map from a text material, decomposes it into individual concepts and links, and the learners then recompose these components. During the recomposition activity, learners connect concepts and links to form propositions, using information acquired from teacher's explanation and/or by reading the text material. However, since the information in the text is generally presented in a specific sequence, it is important to evaluate whether following this sequence during the recomposition affects their learning outcomes. Understanding this is beneficial for teachers in providing support in concept map recomposition activities. This research evaluated the similarity between the recomposition order and the text's information order, and how it relates to learning outcomes. The results revealed that various recomposition orders led to equal learning outcomes. However, the recomposition order was related to the aspects of the activity, which are time on task, time required to perform each action and map quality. This finding suggests that teachers should provide support that adapts to differing recomposition order, recognizing that learners may approach the recomposition activity in different ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Research & Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning is the property of Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education (APSCE) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: The evaluation of concept map recomposition order and its effect on learning outcomes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rismanto%2C+Ridwan%22">Rismanto, Ridwan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> rismanto@polinema.ac.id</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hayashi%2C+Yusuke%22">Hayashi, Yusuke</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hirashima%2C+Tsukasa%22">Hirashima, Tsukasa</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Research+%26+Practice+in+Technology+Enhanced+Learning%22">Research & Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 21, p1-27. 27p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Concept+mapping%22">Concept mapping</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reading+comprehension%22">Reading comprehension</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Active+learning%22">Active learning</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+outcomes%22">Educational outcomes</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+support%22">Educational support</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Science+education%22">Science education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Knowledge+representation+%28Information+theory%29%22">Knowledge representation (Information theory)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Concept map serves as a visual tool in education, facilitating the organization and representation of knowledge. Concept map recomposition activity, which is a kind of concept map building activity, has been shown to promote meaningful learning and enhance reading comprehension. In this process, the teacher creates an expert map from a text material, decomposes it into individual concepts and links, and the learners then recompose these components. During the recomposition activity, learners connect concepts and links to form propositions, using information acquired from teacher's explanation and/or by reading the text material. However, since the information in the text is generally presented in a specific sequence, it is important to evaluate whether following this sequence during the recomposition affects their learning outcomes. Understanding this is beneficial for teachers in providing support in concept map recomposition activities. This research evaluated the similarity between the recomposition order and the text's information order, and how it relates to learning outcomes. The results revealed that various recomposition orders led to equal learning outcomes. However, the recomposition order was related to the aspects of the activity, which are time on task, time required to perform each action and map quality. This finding suggests that teachers should provide support that adapts to differing recomposition order, recognizing that learners may approach the recomposition activity in different ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Research & Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning is the property of Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education (APSCE) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.58459/rptel.2026.21032
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 27
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      – SubjectFull: Concept mapping
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reading comprehension
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Active learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational outcomes
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      – SubjectFull: Educational support
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      – SubjectFull: Science education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Knowledge representation (Information theory)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: The evaluation of concept map recomposition order and its effect on learning outcomes.
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            NameFull: Rismanto, Ridwan
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            NameFull: Hayashi, Yusuke
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            NameFull: Hirashima, Tsukasa
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Research & Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning
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