Organizational Routines and Theorizing in Large-Scale School Improvement—Exploring a Swedish Design.

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Title: Organizational Routines and Theorizing in Large-Scale School Improvement—Exploring a Swedish Design.
Authors: Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik1 (AUTHOR) carl-henrik.adolfsson@lnu.se, Nordholm, Daniel2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Leadership & Policy in Schools. Apr-Jun2026, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p373-390. 18p.
Subject Terms: *School improvement programs, *Educational change, *Organizational learning, *Educators, Theorists, Standard operating procedure, Policy analysis, Reforms
Abstract: In many countries, we can see a movement to more large-scale and system-wide approaches to school improvement. The aim of this article is to study and theorize on conditions for school actors' knowledge building within such large-scale school improvement reforms. Using a Swedish large-scale school improvement program, "Collaboration for the Best School Possible" (CBSP), as a case and the concepts of organizational routines and theorizing as theoretical lenses, we explore questions linked to school improvement design and conditions for school actors' knowledge building. Internal policy documents from the Swedish National Agency of Education and interviews with responsible officials constitute the empirical material for the study. The results point to a great variation concerning the degree of standardization and formalization of the CBSP design. This implies that some parts of the CBSP process are to a large degree conditional on individuals' competences, experiences, and attitudes. An important conclusion from the study is that an efficient large-scale school improvement design should contain organizational routines that can reinforce the interplay between the different levels of the school systems, but also create conditions for integrating research to nurture different types of theorizing. Such design will generate conditions for professional knowledge building and educational change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Leadership & Policy in Schools is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Organizational Routines and Theorizing in Large-Scale School Improvement—Exploring a Swedish Design.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Leadership+%26+Policy+in+Schools%22">Leadership & Policy in Schools</searchLink>. Apr-Jun2026, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p373-390. 18p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+improvement+programs%22">School improvement programs</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+change%22">Educational change</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Organizational+learning%22">Organizational learning</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educators%22">Educators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Theorists%22">Theorists</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Standard+operating+procedure%22">Standard operating procedure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Policy+analysis%22">Policy analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reforms%22">Reforms</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In many countries, we can see a movement to more large-scale and system-wide approaches to school improvement. The aim of this article is to study and theorize on conditions for school actors' knowledge building within such large-scale school improvement reforms. Using a Swedish large-scale school improvement program, "Collaboration for the Best School Possible" (CBSP), as a case and the concepts of organizational routines and theorizing as theoretical lenses, we explore questions linked to school improvement design and conditions for school actors' knowledge building. Internal policy documents from the Swedish National Agency of Education and interviews with responsible officials constitute the empirical material for the study. The results point to a great variation concerning the degree of standardization and formalization of the CBSP design. This implies that some parts of the CBSP process are to a large degree conditional on individuals' competences, experiences, and attitudes. An important conclusion from the study is that an efficient large-scale school improvement design should contain organizational routines that can reinforce the interplay between the different levels of the school systems, but also create conditions for integrating research to nurture different types of theorizing. Such design will generate conditions for professional knowledge building and educational change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Leadership & Policy in Schools is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/15700763.2024.2344090
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 18
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      – SubjectFull: School improvement programs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational change
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Organizational learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educators
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      – SubjectFull: Theorists
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      – SubjectFull: Standard operating procedure
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      – SubjectFull: Policy analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reforms
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      – TitleFull: Organizational Routines and Theorizing in Large-Scale School Improvement—Exploring a Swedish Design.
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            NameFull: Adolfsson, Carl-Henrik
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            NameFull: Nordholm, Daniel
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr-Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Leadership & Policy in Schools
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