Modelling Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies and Their Relationships to Reading Comprehension Test Performance of Thai High School EFL Learners.
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| Title: | Modelling Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies and Their Relationships to Reading Comprehension Test Performance of Thai High School EFL Learners. |
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| Authors: | Kitichaidateanan, Panassanan1 muikitichai@gmail.com, Yothachai, Nithipong2 nithiyo@gmail.com, Sukying, Apisak1 apisak.s@msu.ac.th |
| Source: | Journal of Language Teaching & Research. May2026, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p801-811. 11p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Metacognition, *Reading comprehension, *Second language acquisition, *English as a foreign language, *Self-regulated learning, *High school students, *Cognitive Strategy Instruction, Structural equation modeling |
| Abstract: | Cognitive and metacognitive strategies are crucial for enabling reading comprehension and controlling language processing. This study explored the role of these strategies and their contribution to English reading comprehension test performance, as well as the extent of their relationships in reading comprehension outcomes, using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). A total of 685 Thai high school students were assessed on a standardised reading comprehension test and a six-point Likert-scale questionnaire designed to measure strategy use. The findings indicated that cognitive and metacognitive strategies were positively related to reading test performance. Cognitive strategies, especially those of retrieval and comprehension, served as basic processes underpinning decoding, integration, and the construction of meaning from text. However, metacognitive strategies exerted significant regulatory influence, with direct effects on reading comprehension and indirect effects via cognitive strategy use. The relationship between retrieval and comprehension also emphasised their interrelated roles as components of strategic reading. Both types of strategy contributed significantly to reading comprehension, but only through language knowledge, with the learning processing model showing incremental improvement in strategy use and apparent individual differences as proficiency grew. These results point to the pedagogical importance of developing strategic awareness and self-regulated learning, as well as providing more explicit strategy instruction, and indicate that future research using longitudinal or mixed-methods designs could provide richer information about how strategies are used differently across contexts, age groups, and more advanced proficiency levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Language Teaching & Research is the property of Academy Publication Co., LTD and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Education Research Complete |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: ehh DbLabel: Education Research Complete An: 193700218 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Modelling Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies and Their Relationships to Reading Comprehension Test Performance of Thai High School EFL Learners. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kitichaidateanan%2C+Panassanan%22">Kitichaidateanan, Panassanan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> muikitichai@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yothachai%2C+Nithipong%22">Yothachai, Nithipong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> nithiyo@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sukying%2C+Apisak%22">Sukying, Apisak</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> apisak.s@msu.ac.th</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Language+Teaching+%26+Research%22">Journal of Language Teaching & Research</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p801-811. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metacognition%22">Metacognition</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reading+comprehension%22">Reading comprehension</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Second+language+acquisition%22">Second language acquisition</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22English+as+a+foreign+language%22">English as a foreign language</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self-regulated+learning%22">Self-regulated learning</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+school+students%22">High school students</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Strategy+Instruction%22">Cognitive Strategy Instruction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+equation+modeling%22">Structural equation modeling</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Cognitive and metacognitive strategies are crucial for enabling reading comprehension and controlling language processing. This study explored the role of these strategies and their contribution to English reading comprehension test performance, as well as the extent of their relationships in reading comprehension outcomes, using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). A total of 685 Thai high school students were assessed on a standardised reading comprehension test and a six-point Likert-scale questionnaire designed to measure strategy use. The findings indicated that cognitive and metacognitive strategies were positively related to reading test performance. Cognitive strategies, especially those of retrieval and comprehension, served as basic processes underpinning decoding, integration, and the construction of meaning from text. However, metacognitive strategies exerted significant regulatory influence, with direct effects on reading comprehension and indirect effects via cognitive strategy use. The relationship between retrieval and comprehension also emphasised their interrelated roles as components of strategic reading. Both types of strategy contributed significantly to reading comprehension, but only through language knowledge, with the learning processing model showing incremental improvement in strategy use and apparent individual differences as proficiency grew. These results point to the pedagogical importance of developing strategic awareness and self-regulated learning, as well as providing more explicit strategy instruction, and indicate that future research using longitudinal or mixed-methods designs could provide richer information about how strategies are used differently across contexts, age groups, and more advanced proficiency levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Language Teaching & Research is the property of Academy Publication Co., LTD and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.17507/jltr.1703.05 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 801 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Metacognition Type: general – SubjectFull: Reading comprehension Type: general – SubjectFull: Second language acquisition Type: general – SubjectFull: English as a foreign language Type: general – SubjectFull: Self-regulated learning Type: general – SubjectFull: High school students Type: general – SubjectFull: Cognitive Strategy Instruction Type: general – SubjectFull: Structural equation modeling Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Modelling Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies and Their Relationships to Reading Comprehension Test Performance of Thai High School EFL Learners. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kitichaidateanan, Panassanan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yothachai, Nithipong – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sukying, Apisak IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: May2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 17984769 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 17 – Type: issue Value: 3 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Language Teaching & Research Type: main |
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