Sisterhood in Leila Aboulela's Bird Summons and Toni Morrison's Sula.

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Title: Sisterhood in Leila Aboulela's Bird Summons and Toni Morrison's Sula.
Authors: Al-Staity, Nadera Nader1, Awajan, Nasaybah Walid1, Tarawneh, Sahar Mohammad1
Source: Journal of Language Teaching & Research. May2026, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p1081-1089. 9p.
Subject Terms: Sisterhoods, Women immigrants, Patriarchy, Power (Social sciences), Feminism, Colonies, Postcolonialism, Social marginality
People: Morrison, Toni, 1931-2019, Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, 1942-, Hooks, Bell, 1952-2021
Abstract: This study aims to explore how Toni Morrison and Leila Aboulela represent the importance of sisterhood in the lives of women in diaspora, in their novels, Sula (1973) and Bird Summons (2019). The study attempts to highlight the challenges that women in diaspora face, such as marginalization, patriarchy, and discrimination. Therefore, sisterhood has emerged as a powerful force for empowerment and resistance to colonial contexts. These two novels are analyzed through the lens of Postcolonialism and Feminism. Hence, the researchers rely on the views of Edward Said, Franz Fanon, Gayatri Spivak, and Bell Hook. The study concludes that both Morrison and Aboulela in their novels explore the significant role of sisterhood in the lives of these women in offering solidarity and mutual and collective empowerment in colonial contexts, particularly to those who share common experiences and challenges. The contribution of the study lies in connecting the two novels and investigating how both writers share the same concept of sisterhood. This study aims to explore how Toni Morrison and Leila Aboulela represent the importance of sisterhood in the lives of women in diaspora, in their novels, Sula (1973) and Bird Summons (2019). The study attempts to highlight the challenges that women in diaspora face, such as marginalization, patriarchy, and discrimination. Therefore, sisterhood has emerged as a powerful force for empowerment and resistance to colonial contexts. These two novels are analyzed through the lens of Postcolonialism and Feminism. Hence, the researchers rely on the views of Edward Said, Franz Fanon, Gayatri Spivak, and Bell Hook. The study concludes that both Morrison and Aboulela in their novels explore the significant role of sisterhood in the lives of these women in offering solidarity and mutual and collective empowerment in colonial contexts, particularly to those who share common experiences and challenges. The contribution of the study lies in connecting the two novels and investigating how both writers share the same concept of sisterhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Language Teaching & Research is the property of Academy Publication Co., LTD and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Sisterhood in Leila Aboulela's Bird Summons and Toni Morrison's Sula.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Language+Teaching+%26+Research%22">Journal of Language Teaching & Research</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p1081-1089. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sisterhoods%22">Sisterhoods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Women+immigrants%22">Women immigrants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Patriarchy%22">Patriarchy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Power+%28Social+sciences%29%22">Power (Social sciences)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Feminism%22">Feminism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Colonies%22">Colonies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Postcolonialism%22">Postcolonialism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+marginality%22">Social marginality</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="PE" term="%22Morrison%2C+Toni%2C+1931-2019%22">Morrison, Toni, 1931-2019</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="PE" term="%22Spivak%2C+Gayatri+Chakravorty%2C+1942-%22">Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, 1942-</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="PE" term="%22Hooks%2C+Bell%2C+1952-2021%22">Hooks, Bell, 1952-2021</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study aims to explore how Toni Morrison and Leila Aboulela represent the importance of sisterhood in the lives of women in diaspora, in their novels, Sula (1973) and Bird Summons (2019). The study attempts to highlight the challenges that women in diaspora face, such as marginalization, patriarchy, and discrimination. Therefore, sisterhood has emerged as a powerful force for empowerment and resistance to colonial contexts. These two novels are analyzed through the lens of Postcolonialism and Feminism. Hence, the researchers rely on the views of Edward Said, Franz Fanon, Gayatri Spivak, and Bell Hook. The study concludes that both Morrison and Aboulela in their novels explore the significant role of sisterhood in the lives of these women in offering solidarity and mutual and collective empowerment in colonial contexts, particularly to those who share common experiences and challenges. The contribution of the study lies in connecting the two novels and investigating how both writers share the same concept of sisterhood. This study aims to explore how Toni Morrison and Leila Aboulela represent the importance of sisterhood in the lives of women in diaspora, in their novels, Sula (1973) and Bird Summons (2019). The study attempts to highlight the challenges that women in diaspora face, such as marginalization, patriarchy, and discrimination. Therefore, sisterhood has emerged as a powerful force for empowerment and resistance to colonial contexts. These two novels are analyzed through the lens of Postcolonialism and Feminism. Hence, the researchers rely on the views of Edward Said, Franz Fanon, Gayatri Spivak, and Bell Hook. The study concludes that both Morrison and Aboulela in their novels explore the significant role of sisterhood in the lives of these women in offering solidarity and mutual and collective empowerment in colonial contexts, particularly to those who share common experiences and challenges. The contribution of the study lies in connecting the two novels and investigating how both writers share the same concept of sisterhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Language Teaching & Research is the property of Academy Publication Co., LTD and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.17507/jltr.1703.32
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 1081
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Sisterhoods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Women immigrants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Patriarchy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Power (Social sciences)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Feminism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Colonies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Postcolonialism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social marginality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Morrison, Toni, 1931-2019
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, 1942-
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hooks, Bell, 1952-2021
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Sisterhood in Leila Aboulela's Bird Summons and Toni Morrison's Sula.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Al-Staity, Nadera Nader
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Awajan, Nasaybah Walid
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Tarawneh, Sahar Mohammad
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 17984769
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              Value: 17
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              Value: 3
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Language Teaching & Research
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