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AdaptationStudyoftheProblematicChatGPTUseScaleintoTurkish.

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Title: AdaptationStudyoftheProblematicChatGPTUseScaleintoTurkish.
Authors: TİRİNG, Okan1 okantiring4@gmail.com, İSLAMOĞLU, Ebrucan2 ebrucanislamoglu@nevsehir.edu.tr
Source: Hacettepe University Journal of Education. Apr2026, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p360-370. 11p.
Subject Terms: *Psychological tests, *Adults, *Factor analysis, Turkish language, Psychological factors, Replication (Experimental design)
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the Problematic ChatGPT Use Scale developed by Yu et al. (2024). Unconscious and excessive use of technology may lead to negative psychological, social, and academic outcomes, and the scale was designed to identify whether individuals engage in unhealthy or maladaptive patterns of ChatGPT use. Following the linguistic and conceptual adaptation procedures, the scale was administered to adult participants aged 18-60. A total of 301 adults participated in the study (204 women, 97 men). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the scale has a single-factor structure consisting of 11 items rated on a five-point Likert format. Factor loadings ranged from 0.52 to 0.87. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the chi-square value was significant (χ² = 2319.736, df = 55, p = .00), and the fit indices were CFI = 0.819, TLI = 0.774, RMSEA = 0.178, and SRMR = 0.107. Internal consistency analysis yielded a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.91. Criterion validity was supported by a significant correlation with the Artificial Intelligence Dependence Scale, indicating conceptual overlap between the two constructs. Overall, the findings show that the Turkish version of the Problematic ChatGPT Use Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing problematic ChatGPT use among adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Hacettepe University Journal of Education is the property of Hacettepe University Journal of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: AdaptationStudyoftheProblematicChatGPTUseScaleintoTurkish.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22TİRİNG%2C+Okan%22">TİRİNG, Okan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> okantiring4@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22İSLAMOĞLU%2C+Ebrucan%22">İSLAMOĞLU, Ebrucan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> ebrucanislamoglu@nevsehir.edu.tr</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Hacettepe+University+Journal+of+Education%22">Hacettepe University Journal of Education</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p360-370. 11p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+tests%22">Psychological tests</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adults%22">Adults</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Factor+analysis%22">Factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Turkish+language%22">Turkish language</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+factors%22">Psychological factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Replication+%28Experimental+design%29%22">Replication (Experimental design)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the Problematic ChatGPT Use Scale developed by Yu et al. (2024). Unconscious and excessive use of technology may lead to negative psychological, social, and academic outcomes, and the scale was designed to identify whether individuals engage in unhealthy or maladaptive patterns of ChatGPT use. Following the linguistic and conceptual adaptation procedures, the scale was administered to adult participants aged 18-60. A total of 301 adults participated in the study (204 women, 97 men). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the scale has a single-factor structure consisting of 11 items rated on a five-point Likert format. Factor loadings ranged from 0.52 to 0.87. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the chi-square value was significant (χ² = 2319.736, df = 55, p = .00), and the fit indices were CFI = 0.819, TLI = 0.774, RMSEA = 0.178, and SRMR = 0.107. Internal consistency analysis yielded a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.91. Criterion validity was supported by a significant correlation with the Artificial Intelligence Dependence Scale, indicating conceptual overlap between the two constructs. Overall, the findings show that the Turkish version of the Problematic ChatGPT Use Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing problematic ChatGPT use among adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Hacettepe University Journal of Education is the property of Hacettepe University Journal of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.16986/hunefd.1747472
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Factor analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Turkish language
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      – SubjectFull: Psychological factors
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      – SubjectFull: Replication (Experimental design)
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              Text: Apr2026
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              Y: 2026
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