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Longitudinal Analyses of Social Interactions by Neighborhood Walkability, Marital Status, Age, and Differential Effects of a Global Public Health Emergency by Race and Ethnicity.

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Title: Longitudinal Analyses of Social Interactions by Neighborhood Walkability, Marital Status, Age, and Differential Effects of a Global Public Health Emergency by Race and Ethnicity.
Authors: Towne Jr, Samuel D. C.1,2 (AUTHOR) samuel.towne@ucf.edu, Zhu, Xuemei2 (AUTHOR), Ory, Marcia G.2 (AUTHOR), Xu, Minjie3 (AUTHOR), Lu, Zhipeng2 (AUTHOR), Lee, Sungmin2 (AUTHOR), Lee, Chanam2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Inquiry (00469580). 6/13/2026, Vol. 63, p1-10. 10p.
Subject Terms: *Retrospective studies, *Longitudinal method, *Interpersonal relations, *COVID-19 pandemic, Research funding, Residential patterns, Age distribution, Descriptive statistics, Race, Walking, Odds ratio, Social context, Marital status, Medical emergencies, Medical records, Acquisition of data, Public health, Health equity, Confidence intervals, Data analysis software, Sociodemographic factors, Neighborhood characteristics, Social isolation, Urban health, Physical activity
Geographic Terms: Texas
Abstract: We sought to identify factors associated with social interactions, critical to ameliorating social isolation, while also considering the COVID-19 timeline. Surveys (online, Texas, n = 925) asked about activities in a typical week immediately prior to and within the most recent pandemic, allowing for a dual benefit of providing findings unrelated to the pandemic that may be more relevant to current times, but also to provide insights into pandemic-related changes in social isolation. The major outcome of interest was social interaction with neighbors (SIWN). Longitudinal analyses were employed to account for repeated measures and to simultaneously consider multiple variables in adjusted analyses. Analyses identified that neighborhood walkability, marital status, age, and the interaction of time and race and ethnicity were all significantly (P <.05) related with whether or not one reported SIWN. There was also evidence of a significant effect of time, suggesting SIWN were less likely within the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic factors and neighborhood features such as walkability (measured via Walk Score), may play a role in social isolation. This study holds importance for multiple sectors, including public health, urban planning and neighborhood design, and as such can provide intelligence for continued work by multiple key partners and decision makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Inquiry (00469580) is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Longitudinal Analyses of Social Interactions by Neighborhood Walkability, Marital Status, Age, and Differential Effects of a Global Public Health Emergency by Race and Ethnicity.
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  Data: We sought to identify factors associated with social interactions, critical to ameliorating social isolation, while also considering the COVID-19 timeline. Surveys (online, Texas, n = 925) asked about activities in a typical week immediately prior to and within the most recent pandemic, allowing for a dual benefit of providing findings unrelated to the pandemic that may be more relevant to current times, but also to provide insights into pandemic-related changes in social isolation. The major outcome of interest was social interaction with neighbors (SIWN). Longitudinal analyses were employed to account for repeated measures and to simultaneously consider multiple variables in adjusted analyses. Analyses identified that neighborhood walkability, marital status, age, and the interaction of time and race and ethnicity were all significantly (P &lt;.05) related with whether or not one reported SIWN. There was also evidence of a significant effect of time, suggesting SIWN were less likely within the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic factors and neighborhood features such as walkability (measured via Walk Score), may play a role in social isolation. This study holds importance for multiple sectors, including public health, urban planning and neighborhood design, and as such can provide intelligence for continued work by multiple key partners and decision makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Inquiry (00469580) is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1177/00469580261443122
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 10
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      – SubjectFull: Retrospective studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interpersonal relations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: COVID-19 pandemic
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Residential patterns
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      – SubjectFull: Race
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      – SubjectFull: Walking
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      – SubjectFull: Odds ratio
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      – SubjectFull: Social context
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      – SubjectFull: Marital status
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      – SubjectFull: Medical emergencies
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      – SubjectFull: Sociodemographic factors
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      – SubjectFull: Neighborhood characteristics
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      – SubjectFull: Social isolation
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      – SubjectFull: Urban health
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      – SubjectFull: Physical activity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Texas
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Longitudinal Analyses of Social Interactions by Neighborhood Walkability, Marital Status, Age, and Differential Effects of a Global Public Health Emergency by Race and Ethnicity.
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              Text: 6/13/2026
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